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	<title>Home and Garden</title>
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		<title>May 10, 2012</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/05/may-10-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/05/may-10-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 May 2012 00:40:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[This is the 6th 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).  BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio. Table of Contents:&#160; 1.  PLANTS OF THE WEEK:  Annual (Petunia); Perennial (Bearded Iris); Woody (Tuliptree); Vegetable (Thyme); and Weed (Common Reed Grass).2.  HORT [...]]]></description>
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<p>This is the 6th 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).  BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.</p>
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<div>Table of Contents:&nbsp;</div>
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<p>1.  PLANTS OF THE WEEK:  Annual (Petunia); Perennial (Bearded Iris); Woody (Tuliptree); Vegetable (Thyme); and Weed (Common Reed Grass).<br />2.  HORT SHORTS:  Growing Degree Days (GDD); and Is that Wildlife Baby Really an Orphan? <br />3.  BUG BYTES:  ODA Adds Second Ohio County to the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Quarantine; Horned Oak Galls; Annual Maple Leaf-Drop Commences (Maple Petiole|<br />Borer); Yucky Yucca (Yucca Plant Bug); The Small Carpenter Bee Tunneling in Brambles; Predator Paradise (Six-Spotted Tiger Beetle, Fiery Searcher Caterpillar<br />Hunter, Green Lacewing, and Antlions); and Windshield Wipes (Emerald Ash Borer, Four-Lined Plant Bug, and Calico Scale).<br />4.  DISEASE DIGEST:  Orange Rust in Blackberries. <br />5.  TURF TIPS:  Brown Ring Patch/Waitea Patch. <br />6.  INDUSTRY INSIGHTS:  Diagnostic Conundrum of Strange Growths on Honeylocust; Tree Campus USA; and &#8220;First Green Industry Fix&#8221; Webinar Launched. <br />7.  WEATHERWATCH. <br />8.  COMING ATTRACTIONS:  Southwest Ohio BYGLive!; Beekeeping Webinar; Woody Plant ID Workshop at Secrest Arboretum; Plant Diagnostic Dilemmas Undone<br />Workshop; 2012 NW Ohio Summer Session; and 2012 Commercial New Applicator Training Scheduled. <br />9.  BYGLOSOPHY.</p>
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		<title>Bad news for Ohio&#8217;s hemlocks: hemlock wooly adelgid found in Washington County</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/05/bad-news-for-ohios-hemlocks-hemlock-wooly-adelgid-found-in-washington-county/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/05/bad-news-for-ohios-hemlocks-hemlock-wooly-adelgid-found-in-washington-county/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 May 2012 10:14:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[www.agri.ohio.gov/public_docs/news/2012/05.07.12 ODA &#8211; ODNR HWA Washington County Joint News Release.pdf Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.agri.ohio.gov/public_docs/news/2012/05.07.12%20ODA%20-%20ODNR%20HWA%20%20Washington%20County%20Joint%20News%20Release.pdf">www.agri.ohio.gov/public_docs/news/2012/05.07.12 ODA &#8211; ODNR HWA  Washington County Joint News Release.pdf</a>
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<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
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		<title>May 3, 2012</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/05/may-3-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/05/may-3-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 03 May 2012 21:40:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/05/may-3-2012/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is the 5th 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).  BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.   Table of Contents:&#160; In this Issue: 1.  PLANTS OF THE WEEK:  Annual (Sweet Alyssum); Perennial (Common Thrift); Woody (White Fringetree); Vegetable (Spinach); [...]]]></description>
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<p>This is the 5th 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).  BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.</p>
<p> </p>
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<div>
<div>Table of Contents:&nbsp;</div>
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<div>
<p>In this Issue:</p>
<p>1.  PLANTS OF THE WEEK:  Annual (Sweet Alyssum); Perennial (Common Thrift); Woody (White Fringetree); Vegetable (Spinach); and Weed (Poison Hemlock).<br />2.  HORT SHORTS:  Growing Degree Days (GDD); The World Turned Upside Down; Cold Injuries to Blackberries and Other Fruit Crops; Helping Landscape Plants Recover from Frost and Freeze Damage; Strolling along with Strobili; and Yellow-bellied Sap Sucker.<br />3.  BUG BYTES:  Tent Caterpillar Update; European Pine Sawfly Update; White-Marked Tussock Moth; Roseslugged Leaves (Bristly Roseslug Sawfly); Oystershell Scale on Knockouts; and Windshield Wipes (European Fruit Lecanium and Boxwood Leafminer).<br />4.  DISEASE DIGEST:  Powdery Mildew Diseases; and Cedar Quince Rust on Juniper. <br />5.  TURF TIPS:  Seedy Lawns; and OSU Extension Youtube Channel Includes Turf Videos and More. <br />6.  INDUSTRY INSIGHTS:  Protecting Honey Bees from Pesticides; and &#8220;Get Your Green Industry Fix&#8221; Webinars.  <br />7.  WEATHERWATCH. <br />8.  COMING ATTRACTIONS:  19th Annual Plant Discovery Day; and 2012 Commercial New Applicator Training Scheduled. <br />9.  BYGLOSOPHY.</p>
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		<title>Michigan awash with Phomopsis cankers on spruce trees and seedlings &#124; MSU Extension</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/michigan-awash-with-phomopsis-cankers-on-spruce-trees-and-seedlings-msu-extension/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/michigan-awash-with-phomopsis-cankers-on-spruce-trees-and-seedlings-msu-extension/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 29 Apr 2012 11:03:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Phomopsis cankers are causing shoot blight symptoms in nurseries and a general decline of spruce trees in the landscape. This unparalleled disease of spruce can be found on blue, white and Norway spruce throughout the Lower Peninsula. Michigan awash with Phomopsis cankers on spruce trees and seedlings &#124; MSU Extension: Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Phomopsis cankers are causing shoot blight symptoms in nurseries and a general decline of spruce trees in the landscape. This unparalleled disease of spruce can be found on blue, white and Norway spruce throughout the Lower Peninsula.</div>
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<p><a href="http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/michigan_awash_with_phomopsis_cankers_on_spruce_trees_and_seedlings/">Michigan awash with Phomopsis cankers on spruce trees and seedlings | MSU Extension</a>: </p>
<div><a href="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/8b053_4-27photo2DENNIS.jpg"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/8b053_4-27photo2DENNIS.jpg" width="212" /></a></div>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/bf457_6034261012694933526-967289057491277206?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
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		<title>April 26, 2012</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-26-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-26-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2012 01:00:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-26-2012/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is the 4th 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).  BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio. Issue Date:&#160; Thursday, April 26, 2012 Print Version PDF:&#160; BYGL April 26, 2012.pdf]]></description>
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<p>This is the 4th 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).  BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.</p>
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<div>Issue Date:&nbsp;</div>
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<div><span>Thursday, April 26, 2012</span></div>
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<div>Print Version PDF:&nbsp;</div>
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<div><span><img class="file-icon" alt="" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/18ab7_application-pdf.png" /> <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/sites/default/files/issuepdfs/BYGL%20April%2026%2C%202012.pdf">BYGL April 26, 2012.pdf</a></span></div>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<title>April 19th 2012</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-19th-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-19th-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 22:00:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-19th-2012/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is the 3rd 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).  BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio. issueid:&#160; 2012-3 Issue Date:&#160; Tuesday, April 17, 2012 Print Version PDF:&#160; BYGL 2012-03.pdf]]></description>
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<p>This is the 3rd 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).  BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.</p>
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<div>issueid:&nbsp;</div>
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<div>2012-3</div>
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<div>Issue Date:&nbsp;</div>
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<div><span>Tuesday, April 17, 2012</span></div>
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<div>Print Version PDF:&nbsp;</div>
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<div><span><img class="file-icon" alt="" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/a321c_application-pdf.png" /> <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/sites/default/files/issuepdfs/BYGL%202012-03.pdf">BYGL 2012-03.pdf</a></span></div>
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		<title>April 12th 2012</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-12th-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-12th-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Apr 2012 19:40:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

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   UnhideWhenUsed=&#8221;false&#8221; Name=&#8221;Light List Accent 1&#8243;&gt;<br />
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&#8221;false&#8221; Name=&#8221;Medium List 1 Accent 1&#8243;&gt;</p>
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;<br />
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;<br />
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;<br />
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;<br />
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&#8221;false&#8221; Name=&#8221;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&#8243;&gt;<br />
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;<br />
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&#8221;false&#8221; Name=&#8221;Colorful List Accent 3&#8243;&gt;<br />
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;<br />
   UnhideWhenUsed=&#8221;false&#8221; Name=&#8221;Colorful Grid Accent 3&#8243;&gt;<br />
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;<br />
   UnhideWhenUsed=&#8221;false&#8221; Name=&#8221;Light Shading Accent 4&#8243;&gt;<br />
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;<br />
   UnhideWhenUsed=&#8221;false&#8221; Name=&#8221;Light List Accent 4&#8243;&gt;<br />
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<p><!--[if gte mso 10]&gt;
<p>&lt;![endif]&#8211;></p>
<p>This is the 2nd 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).<span>  </span>BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.</p>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>issueid:&nbsp;</div>
<div>
<div>2012-2</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>Issue Date:&nbsp;</div>
<div>
<div><span>Thursday, April 12, 2012</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>Print Version PDF:&nbsp;</div>
<div>
<div><span><img class="file-icon" alt="" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/c54cf_application-pdf.png" /> <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/sites/default/files/issuepdfs/BYGL%20April%2012%2C%202012.pdf">BYGL April 12, 2012.pdf</a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>April 5th, 2012</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-5th-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-5th-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Apr 2012 23:00:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-5th-2012/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is the 1st 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL). BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio. issueid:&#160; 2012-01 Issue Date:&#160; Thursday, April 5, 2012 Print Version PDF:&#160; BYGL 2012-01.pdf]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>
<div>
<div>
<p>This is the 1st 2012 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL). BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>issueid:&nbsp;</div>
<div>
<div>2012-01</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>Issue Date:&nbsp;</div>
<div>
<div><span>Thursday, April 5, 2012</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>Print Version PDF:&nbsp;</div>
<div>
<div><span><img class="file-icon" alt="" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/a7cd5_application-pdf.png" /> <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/sites/default/files/issuepdfs/BYGL%202012-01.pdf">BYGL 2012-01.pdf</a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/april-5th-2012/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
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		<title>Eastern tent caterpillar nests active now, Secrest Arboretum in Wooster OH.</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/eastern-tent-caterpillar-nests-active-now-secrest-arboretum-in-wooster-oh/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/eastern-tent-caterpillar-nests-active-now-secrest-arboretum-in-wooster-oh/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Apr 2012 00:59:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/04/eastern-tent-caterpillar-nests-active-now-secrest-arboretum-in-wooster-oh/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This common caterpillar forms silky nests in tree crotchesin spring. Tent caterpillars overwinter as eggs in a crusty gray egg case attached to treebranches. Eggs hatch out in spring when flowering pears are in bloom. Caterpillars feed on tree leaves, returning to their nests toavoid predation by birds. Black cherry, crabapple, apple, plum and cherry [...]]]></description>
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<div></div>
<div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VwPxz7iIyTs/T3zuI8xlxcI/AAAAAAAABBs/s2NUkqI0Ku8/s1600/IMG_2469.JPG"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/2c389_IMG_2469.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<div>This common caterpillar forms silky nests in tree crotchesin spring. Tent caterpillars overwinter as eggs in a crusty gray egg case attached to treebranches. Eggs hatch out in spring when flowering pears are in bloom. Caterpillars feed on tree leaves, returning to their nests toavoid predation by birds. Black cherry, crabapple, apple, plum and cherry arefavorite tree hosts. &nbsp;Eastern tent caterpillar can be managed by removing silken nests as theyare formed in branch crotches, by applying Bt for caterpillars (a naturallyderived insecticide) when caterpillars are young, or with traditional labeledinsecticides including soaps and oils. Good product contact is essential, sincethe insects are well protected inside their silken webs.</div>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/a2c18_6034261012694933526-7072281100670647295?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
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		<title>2012 BYGL Newsletter Coming Soon</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/2012-bygl-newsletter-coming-soon/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/2012-bygl-newsletter-coming-soon/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Mar 2012 20:00:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/2012-bygl-newsletter-coming-soon/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[BYGL will begin posting newsletters for the 2012 season soon, starting with the April 5 edition.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>
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<div>
<p>BYGL will begin posting newsletters for the 2012 season soon, starting with the April 5 edition.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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		<title>European pine sawfly larvae active now.</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/european-pine-sawfly-larvae-active-now/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/european-pine-sawfly-larvae-active-now/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Mar 2012 23:00:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/european-pine-sawfly-larvae-active-now/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[European pine sawfly larvae are just starting to eat needles. Young larvae can&#8217;t eat all the way through needle tissue when young. Curling brown needles are evidence this pest is active. Older larvae eat all the way through old needles (leaving this year&#8217;s emerging needles alone). Published with Blogger-droid v2.0.4 Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-ajNycJNoxn4/T3NBowZYkaI/AAAAAAAABBI/I1YGNbayAkQ/s0/20120326193603.jpg"><img src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/3015e_20120326193603.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2555.html">European pine sawfly </a>larvae are just starting to eat needles. Young larvae can&#8217;t eat all the way through needle tissue when young. Curling brown needles are evidence this pest is active. Older larvae eat all the way through old needles (leaving this year&#8217;s emerging needles alone).</p>
<div>Published with Blogger-droid v2.0.4</div>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/3015e_6034261012694933526-2074900603499552424?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Boxwood blight found in Ohio</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/boxwood-blight-found-in-ohio/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/boxwood-blight-found-in-ohio/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 26 Mar 2012 18:24:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/boxwood-blight-found-in-ohio/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Officials Confirm First Detection of Boxwood Blight in Ohio REYNOLDSBURG, Ohio (Mar. 26, 2012)—The Ohio Department of Agriculture (ODA) today announced the discovery of boxwood blight at the Red Mill Farm of Losely Nursery in Lake County in northeast Ohio. Boxwood blight is a disease caused by a fungus (Cylindrocladium pseudonaviculatum) that threatens the health [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>
<div><b>Officials Confirm First Detection of Boxwood Blight in Ohio</b></div>
<div></div>
<div>REYNOLDSBURG, Ohio (Mar. 26, 2012)—The Ohio Department of Agriculture (ODA) today announced the discovery of boxwood blight at the Red Mill Farm of Losely Nursery in Lake County in northeast Ohio. Boxwood blight is a disease caused by a fungus (Cylindrocladium pseudonaviculatum) that threatens the health and sustainability of boxwood plants. This is the first detection of boxwood blight in Ohio.</div>
<div></div>
<div>Boxwood blight was first detected in the United States in North Carolina in October 2011. Plant pathologists in the United Kingdom first identified the disease in the mid-1990’s. It is unclear how the disease was introduced into the United States. To date, Ohio is the 10<span><sup>th</sup></span> state to identify boxwood blight.</div>
<div></div>
<div>The suspect infection was reported to inspectors with the ODA and the Ohio Plant Diagnostic Network (OPDN) who then sent samples to the United States Department of Agriculture – Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA APHIS) for confirmation. Officials at this time are unsure how the disease was introduced into the Red Mill Farm. ODA inspectors have issued a restriction on all boxwood plants located at the Red Mill Farm and will be conducting further sampling.</div>
<div></div>
<div>“Although it is unfortunate to have confirmation on the farm, all known infected plants have been destroyed and we are working with the Ohio Department of Agriculture to prevent any further spread of boxwood blight” said Andrew Harding, Vice President and General Manager of Herman Losely and Son, Inc.</div>
<div></div>
<div>This disease is spread primarily by water (rain splash, irrigation, runoff, etc.), by the movement of plant material in the trade, and through contaminated tools, vehicles, boots, etc. Initial symptoms of the disease on boxwood plants include leaf spots and blights, rapid defoliation, distinctive black cankers on stems, and severe dieback. Most boxwood plants are not killed by the disease, but will become so defoliated as to be aesthetically unacceptable.</div>
<div><a href="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/deff2_boxwoodblight5.jpg"><img border="0" height="239" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/deff2_boxwoodblight5.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div></div>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/deff2_6034261012694933526-2171315789291441076?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title></title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/1213/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/1213/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Mar 2012 00:48:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/03/1213/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#8216;Angelly&#8217; witchhazel Hellebore Crocus in bloom In bloom today in Secrest Arboretum: crocus, hellebore and &#8216;Angelly&#8217; witchhazel. Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EeVakZ9_gOw/T2E7FZQWP3I/AAAAAAAAA-Q/Zp_SrzFPjCU/s1600/IMG_2229.JPG"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/9f45a_IMG_2229.JPG" width="213" /></a></td>
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<td>&#8216;Angelly&#8217; witchhazel</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-o0mwEXHXYWs/T2E7OnTMEeI/AAAAAAAAA-Y/WupPS4SI6Zg/s1600/IMG_2236.JPG"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/5a545_IMG_2236.JPG" width="320" /></a></td>
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<td>Hellebore</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ctRmshO7frg/T2E7dDrafSI/AAAAAAAAA-g/mQEMt0iOP_8/s1600/IMG_2256.JPG"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/5a545_IMG_2256.JPG" width="320" /></a></td>
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<td>Crocus in bloom</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p>In bloom today in Secrest Arboretum: crocus, hellebore and &#8216;Angelly&#8217; witchhazel.
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/5a545_6034261012694933526-6861641744695266275?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
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		<title>Hemlock wooly adelgid found in Ohio forest.</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/02/hemlock-wooly-adelgid-found-in-ohio-forest/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/02/hemlock-wooly-adelgid-found-in-ohio-forest/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Feb 2012 11:36:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/02/hemlock-wooly-adelgid-found-in-ohio-forest/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Officials discover hemlock pest in Southeast Ohio forest &#8211; Newswatch Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div><a href="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f5430_0355015.jpg"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f5430_0355015.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<p><a href="http://www.vindy.com/news/2012/jan/20/officials-discover-hemlock-pest-southeast-ohio-for/?nw">Officials discover hemlock pest in Southeast Ohio forest &#8211; Newswatch</a>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f5430_6034261012694933526-8286384491244918477?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>&#8216;Red Sprite&#8217; winterberry</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/01/red-sprite-winterberry/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2012/01/red-sprite-winterberry/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Jan 2012 19:52:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2012/01/red-sprite-winterberry/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#8216;Red Sprite&#8217; winterberry holly at Secrest Arboretum in Wooster, OhioPublished with Blogger-droid v2.0.2 Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State [...]]]></description>
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<td><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-Vy6pfn1fsUc/TwX_YImuhOI/AAAAAAAAA5Y/0Q6tVbFa6eM/s0/20120104104547.jpg"><img src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/79894_20120104104547.jpg" /></a></td>
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<tr>
<td>&#8216;Red Sprite&#8217; winterberry holly at Secrest Arboretum in Wooster, Ohio<br /><span>Published with Blogger-droid v2.0.2</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/79894_6034261012694933526-1225000508306772495?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>sapsucker damage</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/12/sapsucker-damage/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/12/sapsucker-damage/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Dec 2011 17:27:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2011/12/sapsucker-damage/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Yellow-bellied sapsuckers (a kind of woodpecker), can sometimes damage trees by creating a row of holes in bark. Birds feed on the sap, and may consume insects attracted to the sap flow. Sapsuckers may pick a favorite tree, and continue to feed at the tree for years, thus protecting surrounding trees from damage. Commonly damaged [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-HCL90B9-74U/TvDD1YFG3mI/AAAAAAAAA2o/l56bgW0cCiQ/s1600/IMG_2205.JPG"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f4420_IMG_2205.JPG" style="clear: both;float: left;margin: 0px 10px 10px 0" /></a>
<div>Yellow-bellied sapsuckers (a kind of woodpecker), can sometimes damage trees by creating a row of holes in bark. Birds feed on the sap, and may consume insects attracted to the sap flow. Sapsuckers may pick a favorite tree, and continue to feed at the tree for years, thus protecting surrounding trees from damage. Commonly damaged trees include maple, birch and hemlock. Holes are pictured here on magnolia.&nbsp; <a href="http://na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/howtos/ht_sap/sap.htm">More information.</a><img align="middle" alt="Posted by Picasa" border="0" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/c2705_pbp.gif" style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 50%;border: 0px none;padding: 0px" /></div>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/c2705_6034261012694933526-601470317490744029?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>BYGL October 20, 2011</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/bygl-october-20-2011/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/bygl-october-20-2011/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Oct 2011 16:20:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/bygl-october-20-2011/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is the 28th 2011 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL). BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio. ***BYGL NOTICE.&#160; This is the last BYGL (Beagle) for the 2011 season; the BYGL is retreating to its doghouse for a long winter&#039;s [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>
	This is the 28th 2011 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL). BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.</p>
<p>
	***BYGL NOTICE.&nbsp; This is the last BYGL (Beagle) for the 2011 season; the BYGL is retreating to its doghouse for a long winter&#039;s nap. However, the much anticipated, always exciting, annual BYGL survey will arrive in November.&nbsp; We hope you will spend a little time helping us by answering our survey questions.&nbsp; We look forward to the comments and appreciate everyone&#039;s suggestions for improvements.&nbsp; There is one point we&#039;re sure we all agree on:&nbsp; the 2011 BYGL season went too fast, doggone it!</p>
<p>
	In This Issue:</p>
<ol>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#1">PLANTS OF THE WEEK:</a> Annual (Rush); Perennial (Chrysanthemum); Woody (Sugar Maple); and Weed (Jimsonweed).</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#2">HORT SHORTS:</a> Putting the Perennial Garden to Bed for the Winter; Congratulations to the Ohio Master Gardener Volunteer (MGV) Award Winners!; Pruning Fruit Trees and Bushes; Establishing Plants may Need Water; High-Tech Rain Garden Nets OARDC Innovator Award; Deer, Deer Me!; and Arboblitz.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#3">BUG BYTES: </a>New Threat to Soft Skinned Fruit; and Emerald Ash Borer Update.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#4">DISEASE DIGEST: </a>Fungal Foray.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#5">TURF TIPS: </a>Bag It or Mulch It?</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#6">INDUSTRY INSIGHTS: </a>Asian Longhorned Beetle Update.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#7">WEATHERWATCH.</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#8">COMING ATTRACTIONS:</a> Bucking Urban Logs; Why US Forest Service Research Matters; 2012 Ohio Commercial Pesticide Applicator Recertification Conferences Set; and Save the Date &#8211; Ohio State University Nursery Short Course (NSC) and Ohio Nursery and Landscape Association CENTS in Columbus.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#9">BYGLOSOPHY.</a></li>
</ol>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#appendix">APPENDIX &#8211; ADDITIONAL WEBSITE RESOURCES.</a></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="1"></a>1. PLANTS OF THE WEEK.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	*ANNUAL &#8211; RUSH (<i>Juncus </i>spp.).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4132_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (plants1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/93815_cimage2011_10n4132_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>These plants are warm-season grasses that really take off in the early part of June and end up providing an interesting architectural feature in the garden and containers. The foliage is quite sturdy and grows in clumps with green, upright cylindrical stems coming from the basal area. Rushes prefer full sun but will also tolerate light shade. Most rushes are annuals in our area; however, a few cultivars have been known to overwinter. Rushes do quite well in wet areas and tend to prefer this location. However, if a flower bed is irrigated periodically, rushes will do quite well. They flourish in containers and provide a nice centerpiece.</p>
<p>
	Most of the varieties are not known for their bloom but for their structure in the garden. There are several cultivars available that have different foliage features. &#039;Blue Dart&#039; has a nice linear blue foliage with a strong vertical habit and gets around 2&#039; tall. &#039;Sprialis&#039; and &#039;Twisted Dart&#039; are corkscrew rushes with twisted stems that provide additional interest to the garden or container. &#039;Javelin&#039; is a variety that gets around 2 1/2-3&#039; tall and is very striking in a container.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li align="justify">
		<a href="http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/plantkey.asp">Missouri Botanical Garden Kemper Center for Home Gardening information on <i>Juncus</i></a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	*PERENNIAL &#8211; CHRYSANTHEMUM (<i>Chrysanthemum </i>hybrid).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4130_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (plants2)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/93815_cimage2011_10n4130_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Mums are the plant that most people think of when it comes to the fall perennial garden. These colorful plants come in a wide variety of colors including yellow, white, pink, purple, burgundy and maroon. They grow best in full sun and prefer well-drained soils. Many people have trouble getting these plants to overwinter. Some find better luck with planting in the spring, selecting varieties that are known to overwinter in their area, and providing additional winter protection with mulch. One of the most important things if they are planted in the fall is to be sure to water them as often as they need it. Once the blooms finish, some tend to forget that the roots continue to grow and need water to become fully established. In addition, mulch them after the ground freezes to prevent heaving from freezing and thawing. Don&#039;t cut the foliage back until next spring.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/1000/1219.html">Ohio State University Extension FactSheet on Growing Chrysanthemums</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/plantkey.asp">Missouri Botanical Garden Kemper Center for Home Gardening information on <i>Chrysanthemums</i></a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	<b><b><strong><a href="http://140.254.84.215/search.jsp?lang=en&amp;query=chrysanthemum"><img alt="Search PlantFacts.osu.edu" border="0" height="26" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f0ecc_plantfacts_mini2.gif" width="115" /></a></strong></b></b></p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	*WOODY &#8211; SUGAR MAPLE (<i>Acer saccharum</i>).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://hcs.osu.edu/images/cd4261/404/cd4261-01.jpeg" title="Image"> <img src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f0ecc_cd4261-01.jpeg" style="margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /></a></p>
<p>
	Sugar maples are not just for breakfast! One of the great joys of fall foliage is the golden light emanating from an <i>A. saccharum</i>- dominated woodland, about to grace Ohio in the next two weeks. In woodlands sugar maples are often associated in one of the most beautiful northeast US woodlands: beech-maple forests. Sugar maples are tolerant of shade, prefer acid soil but can tolerate moderate alkalinity, and thrive in moist but well-drained soils, but do not do well in poorly drained heavy clay sites or in situations where root disturbance occurs. Verticillium wilt does occur on sugar maples, but is not as prevalent as on certain other maples. Sugar maple is a native tree that can grow to 80&#039; or more with age with similar spread, but in most sites might be at a height of 50&#039; after 40 years. Let it glow.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	*WEED &#8211; Jimsonweed (<i>Datura stramonium</i>).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4122_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (plants3)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f0ecc_cimage2011_10n4122_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Jimsonweed is an annual herb which grows up to 5&#039; tall. It has pale-green to purple stems with spreading branches. Its leaves are ovate and coarsely serrated, and 3-8&quot; long. Jimsonweed&#039;s flowers are white or purple with a 5-pointed corolla up to 4&quot; long and set on short stalks in the <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4124_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (plants3)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/2ba10_cimage2011_10n4124_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /> </a>axils of branches. Seeds are contained in a hard, spiny capsule, about 2&quot; in diameter, which splits lengthwise into four parts when ripe.</p>
<p>
	Jimsonweed is distributed worldwide. It grows in cultivated fields where it can be a major weed in soybeans. Jimsonweed is common on overgrazed pastures, barnyards, and waste land preferring rich soils.</p>
<p>
	A major concern with jimsonweed is its toxicity. Jimsonweed toxicity is caused by tropane alkaloids. The total alkaloid content in the plant can be as high as 0.7%. The toxic chemicals are atropine, hyoscine (also called scopolamine), and hyoscyamine. All parts of the jimsonweed plant are poisonous. Poisoning is more common in humans than in animals. Children can be attracted by flowers and consume jimsonweed accidentally. In small quantities, jimsonweed can have medicinal or haulucinagenic properties, but poisoning readily occurs because of misuse.</p>
<p>
	Jimsonweed poisoning occurs in most domesticated production animals: cattle, goats, horses, sheep, swine, and poultry. Human poisoning occurs more frequently than livestock poisoning making jimsonweed unusual among most poisonous plants. Leaves and seeds are the usual source of poisoning, but are rarely eaten do to its strong odor and unpleasant taste. Poisoning can occur when hungry animals are on sparse pasture with Jimsonweed infestation. Most animal poisoning results from feed contamination. Jimsonweed can be harvested with hay or silage, and subsequently poisoning occurs upon feeding the forage. Seeds can contaminate grains and is the most common poisoning which occurs in chickens.</p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
				<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4126_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (plants3)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/2ba10_cimage2011_10n4126_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin-left: 10px;margin-right: 10px" /> </a></td>
<td>
				<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4128_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (plants3)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/2ba10_cimage2011_10n4128_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin-left: 10px;margin-right: 10px" /> </a></td>
<td>
<p>
					<b>For more information, see: </b></p>
<ul>
<li>
						<a href="http://www.caf.wvu.edu/~forage/weedsolu/jimsonwd.htm">West Virginia University Factsheet on Jimsonweed</a></li>
<li>
						<a href="http://www8.georgetown.edu/departments/physiology/cam/urbanherbs/jimsonweed.htm">URBAN HERBS: Medicinal Plants at Georgetown University</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
					<b><b><strong><a href="http://140.254.84.215/search.jsp?lang=en&amp;query=jimsonweed"><img alt="Search PlantFacts.osu.edu" border="0" height="26" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f0ecc_plantfacts_mini2.gif" width="115" /></a></strong></b></b></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="2"></a>2. HORT SHORTS.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. PUTTING THE PERENNIAL GARDEN TO BED FOR THE WINTER.</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4134_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (hortshorts1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f92d0_cimage2011_10n4134_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Unfortunately, it&#039;s time to begin preparing the perennial garden for its long winter nap! Begin by cutting back any foliage that has little to no winter interest as soon as it is killed by a hard freeze. Some people like to cut things back in early October but the longer one waits, the more sugars are stored in the root system for the next season. In addition, if the plants are cut back too early, they may send up new growth, expending stored sugars unnecessarily. Plants that have a nice winter interest such as ornamental grasses, sedum, coneflower (seed for birds as well) or others can be left alone until they start to look bad (i.e. crushed by ice or snow).</p>
<p>
	If there are tender perennials that need protected with mulch, wait until the ground freezes before mulching. It&#039;s also a good idea to mulch any new plants that were put in this fall as they don&#039;t have a sturdy root system and will be more susceptible to heaving. Remove any winter annuals weeds now and get ahead of the game. Things happen so fast in the spring when plants start to grow that it becomes impossible to keep up with this chore.</p>
<p>
	The final task is to plant spring-blooming bulbs such as tulips, daffodils, and hyacinths. Then head indoors to a warm cozy fire and wait for the seed catalogues to arrive!</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/1000/1236.html">OSU Extension FactSheet on General Maintenance of Herbaceous Ornamentals</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	<b><b><strong><a href="http://140.254.84.215/search.jsp?lang=en&amp;query=perennial+maintenance"><img alt="Search PlantFacts.osu.edu" border="0" height="26" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f0ecc_plantfacts_mini2.gif" width="115" /></a></strong></b></b></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	B. CONGRATULATIONS TO THE OHIO MASTER GARDENER VOLUNTEER (MGV) AWARD WINNERS!</h3>
<p>
	The MGVs of Ohio celebrated their volunteers and programs at the recent International Master Gardener Conference held in Charleston, West Virginia. Congratulations to the following OSUE Outstanding Project of the Year Award Winners: Brown County &#8211; Seeds of Freedom; Athens County &#8211; SEPTA Correctional Facility Cutting Garden; and Greene County &#8211; Gardening School for At-Risk Teens. In addition, Christine Harris of Cuyahoga was named the OSUE Outstanding MGV of the Year. Congratulations to all MGVs for their hard work and dedication to OSU Extension. For more details, go to <u><a href="http://mastergardener.osu.edu/">http://mastergardener.osu.edu</a></u> .</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see: </b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://mastergardener.osu.edu">State Master Gardener Home Page</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	C. PRUNING FRUIT TREES AND BUSHES.</h3>
<p>
	Since this is the last issue of 2011 BYGL, BYGLers would like remind our readers early about pruning fruit trees and bushes. Typically, fruit trees and bushes are pruned in March. It is okay to remove broken and diseased branches now. However, all major pruning should be done when the plants are dormant in March. Pruning too early can cause winter injuries.</p>
<p>
	The primary purpose of pruning is to increase sunlight penetration, remove less productive wood, and shape the crown into an efficient, stable form. If left unpruned, the quantity of fruit produced might be greater, but the quality much lower. Pruning increases fruit size, promotes uniform ripening, increases sugar content, and decreases disease and insect problems by allowing better spray coverage and faster drying following rainfall. It also allows easier access for timely harvesting.</p>
<p>
	One good reference on home fruit production and pruning of fruit trees and bushes is the OSU Extension Bulletin 780, &ldquo;Midwest Fruit Home Production Guide.&rdquo; There are a lot of good diagrams on pruning techniques in this bulletin. This bulletin can be purchased from OSU Extension offices. However, call your local office to check on availability before visiting.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://extension.osu.edu/locate-an-office">List of OSU Extension offices</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/1000/1150.html">Pruning Mature Apple and Pear Trees</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	D. ESTABLISHING PLANTS MAY NEED WATER.</h3>
<p>
	Fall can be an excellent time for planting. Once the plants are in the ground, gardeners can&rsquo;t just walk away as the seasons change from fall to winter, giving up on the garden. While mother-nature sometimes provides adequate moisture, if it is lacking, supplemental amounts need to be applied. Roots can absorb moisture until the ground is frozen.</p>
<p>
	Even once winter arrives, the work is still not done. Newly planted plants will sometime &ldquo;pop-out&rdquo; of the ground over the winter when freezing and thawing conditions are experienced. Uncovered roots exposed to winter temperatures can be damaged. This sometimes occur when plants are put in the ground later in the season and not given enough time for roots to become established at its new home. Mulching can maintain a more consistent soil temperature which will hopefully help with the heaving with changing soil temperatures.</p>
<p>
	So don&rsquo;t put those garden gloves and watering can away just yet. Monitor soil moisture and ensure the plants, especially those newly planted, are going into winter with adequate water &#8211; without over watering. Be sure to keep an eye on the plants throughout the winter, making sure they stay in the ground. A little extra effort in the fall and winter can help ensure a living plant come next spring.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	E. HIGH-TECH RAIN GARDEN NETS OARDC INNOVATOR AWARD.</h3>
<p>
	This past spring, a four-member team of current and former Ohio State University (OSU) scientists received the 2011 Director&rsquo;s Innovator of the Year Award from the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC). Parwinder Grewal, Warren Dick, Edward McCoy, and Hanbae Yang were honored for developing and patenting a biphasic bio-retention system &#8211; an advanced type of rain garden &#8211; for managing the volume and quality of stormwater. A major non-point source of water pollution, stormwater runoff costs cities in Ohio and elsewhere billions of dollars a year to manage.</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;The biphasic rain garden can reduce peak flow by 75 percent and runoff volume by 60 percent under simulated runoff conditions, providing an excellent solution to the runoff problem and enabling compliance with Environmental Protection Agency regulations,&rdquo; OARDC Director Steve Slack said. Furthermore, the new system removes large amounts of key pollutants from the water, including nitrates (91 percent), phosphates (99 percent), heavy metals (99 percent), atrazine (91 percent), dicamba (94 percent) and glyphosate (99 percent).</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;This system can be used in a variety of settings, including home landscapes, parking lots, gas stations, city streets, roadsides, urban farms, animal farms, rooftops, car washes, laundromats and many more, making its commercialization potential quite extensive,&rdquo; Slack said. Potential revenue from the system, Slack noted, could be from $57 million to as much as $770 million a year.</p>
<p>
	Several of the new systems are already in place along Wooster&rsquo;s recently renovated Secrest Road, which borders the OARDC campus. Congrats to this OSU team!</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	F. DEER, DEER ME! (by special guest author Marne Titchenell, OSU Extension Wildlife Program Specialist)</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4136_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (hortshorts2)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/f92d0_cimage2011_10n4136_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>While white-tailed deer provide abundant recreation opportunities for hunters and wildlife watchers, they can unfortunately cost us millions of dollars every year through deer-vehicle collisions. Over 23,000 collisions occurred in Ohio last year, costing drivers close to $72 million in claims. So listen up motorists, now is the time when deer are on the move and you are advised to be extra cautious when out on the roadways.</p>
<p>
	The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) reports that October through November is prime time for deer-vehicle accidents. Motorists need to be on the lookout for deer in and along roadways during this time of year, especially at dawn and after sunset, specifically during the hours of 5 p.m.-1 a.m. and 5 a.m.-8 a.m. Last year, Richland, Stark, and Hamilton counties recorded the highest number of deer-vehicle crashes, while the fewest crashed occurred in Monroe, Morgan, and Meigs counties. Close to 160 accidents occurred daily in November of 2010, with over 50% happening between 5 p.m. and 1 a.m.</p>
<p>
	So what is happening during October and especially November that increases the chances of Ohio motorists colliding with deer? Some people may think that hunting causes an increase in deer movement, particularly across roads and highways (Ohio&rsquo;s deer hunting season runs from September 24th-January 10th), but this isn&rsquo;t always the case. In Pennsylvania, movements of antlered deer wearing GPS radio collars were tracked during the weeks before, during, and after muzzleloader and firearms seasons and there were no changes in activity patterns due to the hunting season. Deer movement due to hunting really depends on the amount of hunting pressure, and while intense pressure can cause an increase in deer activity, typically deer stay within their normal home ranges (roughly 1 sq mi/buck). The truth is, deer are on the move at this time of year for multiple reasons, both natural and human related.</p>
<p>
	Possibly the biggest reason for the increase in deer movement is the breeding season (rut), which takes place October through December in Ohio. In November, deer are entering the peak of their breeding season. Males are actively searching for mates<i> </i>which frequently bring them across roadways. The total distance a single deer moves during a 24-hour period varies from 1-4 miles, but that distance is increased dramatically in males during the breeding season. While some female deer may take a brief breeding excursion outside their normal range in search of a mate, the majority stay put and don&rsquo;t travel more than normal during the breeding season.</p>
<p>
	In between breeding, deer also need to increase their food consumption this time of year in preparation for the winter months, where food isn&rsquo;t as available. Depending on the available food resources in their home range (such as acorns and other hard mast), deer may have to travel further to find enough food, which can lead to additional travel across roadways to reach alternate resources.</p>
<p>
	In addition to the increased activity brought on by the breeding season and the approach of winter, daylight savings time plays a role in motorists encountering deer on the roadways. As we &ldquo;fall back&rdquo; (on November 3rd this year), the shorter days and longer nights force commuters onto the roads at dawn and dusk &#8211; the same times deer are most active. Also, don&rsquo;t make the mistake in thinking that you will only encounter deer crossing roads in rural parts of the state. In fact, urban and suburban areas are also prime sites for deer vehicle collisions. More and more frequently, urban areas around Ohio are becoming home to substantial white-tailed deer populations. Increases in deer-vehicle collision are only one of the consequences of an increased urban deer population; damage to public and homeowner landscapes is also a frequent problem. Several cities and towns around Ohio have elected to manage their deer populations through controlled hunting efforts. Often times this requires the involvement of many stakeholders, such as city or town officials, residents, and state wildlife officials. Contact your Division of Wildlife District Office for helpful advice on how to start this process.</p>
<p>
	While difficult in urban areas, hunting is still the best management strategy to decrease deer populations in rural areas. It&rsquo;s no coincidence that Ohio&rsquo;s deer hunting season correlates with high deer activity. In fact, Ohio hunters play an important role in reducing the number of deer on the roads. The Ohio Division of Wildlife estimates Ohio&rsquo;s deer population at 750,000 with the highest densities found the east-central and southeast regions. For more information on deer hunting in Ohio, visit the Ohio Division of Wildlife&rsquo;s website&nbsp; <u><a href="http://www.wildohio.com/">www.wildohio.com</a></u> .</p>
<p>
	To summarize, October through November is the prime time for deer vehicle collisions. Deer are sighted frequently during this time for a variety of reasons; breeding season, hunter avoidance, increasing deer populations, and lessening of daylight hours.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://wildlifecontrol.info/pubs/documents/deer/deer_factsheet.pdf">Cornell White-tailed Deer Factsheet</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.clemson.edu/extension/natural_resources/wildlife/publications/fs34_whitetailed_deer.html">Clemson White-tailed Deer Factsheet</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.dgif.state.va.us/wildlife/deer/factsheet.pdf">Virginia White-tailed Deer Factsheet</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	G. ARBOBLITZ.</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4138_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (hortshorts3)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/d75f5_cimage2011_10n4138_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>During the week of October 3-8, Arboblitz 2011 <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4140_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (hortshorts3)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/d75f5_cimage2011_10n4140_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /> </a>featured trees on the Main Campus of The Ohio State University. The Chadwick Arboretum, the Why Trees Matter Committee, a number of academic departments in several colleges, and many other partners were involved in a series of events. These events included tree-climbing demonstrations, diagnostic workshops, tree walks through the new 32 tree Oval Tree Walk with interpretive signage illustrating ecological audits of oval trees and surrounding areas, and the planting of a scarlet oak. Most importantly, there was a two-day tree inventory and arboblitzing of the Academic Corridor area of campus as a student service project which is critical to OSU&rsquo;s application for the Tree Campus USA program of the National Arbor Day Foundation.</p>
<p>
	The key to Arboblitz 2011 is grounding students in their environment, and an understanding of the environmental and social services that trees provide. So kiwi-green clad students (the t-shirt contest was won by the Chinese-American Student Association) working with Green Industry and university horticulturists and arborists, Master Gardener Volunteers, and others set about on three separate days to identify, measure, georeference, and evaluate the Oval trees. This effort will be part of the overall inventory and audit of all campus trees as well as serve as information for the comprehensive tree care and maintenance plan on campus. Remember &#8211; the best time to plant a tree was twenty years ago. The second best time is now.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="3"></a>3. BUG BYTES.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. NEW THREAT TO SOFT SKINNED FRUIT.</h3>
<p>
	Curtis Young reported receiving a sample of fall red raspberries that were attacked by a species of vinegar (fruit) fly (<i>Drosophila</i> sp.). The raspberries were locally raised and the producers had never before had problems raising the raspberries. As the raspberries approached ripeness, they turned to mush on the cane. Close observation revealed that the raspberries were under attack by numerous small maggots. A message to Celeste Welty, OSU Extension Fruit Entomologist generated great interest in the situation. Unfortunately, there is a new invasive species of fruit fly (vinegar fly) that may be moving into Ohio. This fruit fly is the SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA (<i>Drosophila suzukii</i>).</p>
<p>
	Unlike other fruit (vinegar) flies, spotted wing drosophila attacks healthy ripening fruit as well as damaged or rotting fruit. The female ovipositor is very large and serrated, so it is able to penetrate the skin of soft-skinned fruit and lay eggs just under the skin, creating a small depression (&quot;sting&quot;) on the fruit surface. Each clutch of eggs is from 1-3, and the female will oviposit into many fruits. Multiples of larvae within a single fruit are quite possible because many females may visit the same fruit to oviposit. Once fruit begins to deteriorate, it can be attacked by other common fruit flies (i.e., <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>). Damage can provide an entry site for infection by secondary fungal and bacterial pathogens, but this is not always the case.</p>
<p>
	Before word of this new invader could be released, Curtis had to get the identity of the verified by the USDA/APHIS/PPQ. In order to do so, Curtis had to rear adult flies from the sample of fruit collected. As of last Thursday, October 13, 2011, adults emerged from their pupae and a sample was sent to Beltsville, Maryland. Tuesday, October 18, 2011, official word of the fruit fly&#039;s identity was received. It is the spotted wing Drosophila. This is a new state record for the state of Ohio. The presence of this new fruit fly is a major threat to producers of many types of fruit such as grapes, raspberries, blueberries, strawberries, and other tree fruits with a preference for soft skinned fruits. Further surveys will have to be conducted to determine the distribution of the spotted wing Drosophila in Ohio.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.ipm.msu.edu/SWD/E-3140.pdf">Michigan State University&#039;s FactSheet on Spotted Wing Drosophila</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sanjuan.wsu.edu/Documents/SWD11.09.pdf">Washington State University&#039;s FactSheet on Spotted Wing Drosophila</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	B. EMERALD ASH BORER UPDATE.</h3>
<p>
	The Ohio Department of Agriculture (ODA) officials have confirmed the presence of the emerald ash borer (EAB) in Lake County on October 7, 2011. Ohioans are being urged to use caution when transporting firewood this fall and winter to help protect against the artificial spread of this and other insect pests.</p>
<p>
	Late last year, ODA expanded the state&rsquo;s EAB quarantine to include all 88 counties. The quarantine stipulates that ash materials and hardwood firewood cannot be taken from a quarantined area into a non-quarantined area. Despite the fact that the statewide quarantine allows for ease of movement of ash materials and hardwood firewood, it is recommended that Ohioans continue to exercise caution when moving these materials. There are still counties, especially in the southeastern region of the state, that have not found EAB. While the pest will ultimately find its way to every Ohio county, the natural spread will take time and be much slower than accelerated artificial spread.</p>
<p>
	The federal quarantine, enforced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, remains in effect. This quarantine makes it illegal to transport ash trees, parts of ash trees and all hardwood firewood out of the state of Ohio without a compliance agreement.</p>
<p>
	Left untreated, ash trees infested with EAB typically die within 5 years. As population numbers grow, the ash trees die quickly and what appears all at once. Insecticide options should be explored as a potential management component to protect important trees, conserve existing tree canopy, and/or as a means to stage removals. For more information on the EAB, visit <u><a href="http://www.agri.ohio.gov/">www.agri.ohio.gov</a></u> or <u><a href="http://ashalert.osu.edu/">http://ashalert.osu.edu</a></u> .</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see: </b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://ashalert.osu.edu">OSU Ash Alert</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.agri.ohio.gov">ODA EAB</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="4"></a>4. DISEASE DIGEST.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. FUNGAL FORAY.</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4142_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (disease1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/d75f5_cimage2011_10n4142_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a></p>
<p>
	This past Saturday, the OSU Plant Pathology 300 Fleshy <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4144_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (disease1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/2cbbb_cimage2011_10n4144_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /> </a>Woodland Fungi class forayed into the woods of Geneva Hills Camp in Fairfield County. It was a beautiful day and fungi were freely fruiting. There were walnut mycenas (<i>Mycena luteopallens</i>), tiny willowy yellow-capped mushrooms each reliably attached to a walnut hull. There were <i>Entoloma </i>mushrooms turned into contorted aborted entolomas bue to cross-infection with another mushroom, <i>Armillaria mellea</i>, the honey mushroom. Incredibly the cross-infection confers edible status to the normally mildly toxic entolomas thus infected. The nectria fungus was causing deadly cankers all along the trunks of sassafras trees. There were hairy-looking lion&rsquo;s mane fungi and beautiful bluets. What a fall it was for fungi!</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="5"></a>5. TURF TIPS.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. BAG IT OR MULCH IT?</h3>
<p>
	It is not a good idea to allow whole tree leaves to accumulate and lie on lawns over the winter. The dense layer of leaves will decompose very slowly if at all. The matted down leaves hold excess moisture over the grass potentially promoting turfgrass diseases such as snow mold. They also provide harborage for animals such as voles. And once spring returns, the leaves may kill the covered grass. Thus, it is time for fall tree leaf cleanup, but what to do with them, bag&#039;em, burn&#039;em or mulch&#039;em?</p>
<p>
	Obviously, these are three different ways of taking care of the fallen leaves. Raking and bagging the leaves removes the leaves from the lawn, but then disposal of them becomes a problem. In some towns, there is municipal leaf pickup which may keep them separate from the normal waste stream or setting the bags at the roadside may result in them being picked up by the garbage collector and transport to the land fill, a waste of a nutrient resource. Out in the country, one might rake and burn them, again, a waste of a nutrient resource. A better method to deal with the fallen leaves is to mow them into organic mulch.</p>
<p>
	Mulching leaves into the turfgrass effectively requires a little extra effort. To mulch leaves well, they need to be ground up into half-inch sized pieces or smaller. Three passes at right angles usually does the trick. While the ground up leaves are very noticeable on the surface of the lawn at first, within a couple of days they disappear! What happens to the leaf pieces? The earthworms pull the pieces down to and into the soil surface where they add organic matter to the soil. And, an extra benefit is that the lawn gets greener as the fall progresses and stays green for the rest of the following season! Basically, the ground-up leaves are a very cheap, slow-release fertilizer.</p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="6"></a>6. INDUSTRY INSIGHTS.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. ASIAN LONGHORNED BEETLE UPDATE.</h3>
<p>
	The ODA distributed an Ohio Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB) Cooperative Response Media Update on October 18, 2011. These updates are posted on the ODA website and can be accessed on their site, even after BYGL concludes this season. Highlights from the update include: 4,368 ALB infested trees confirmed; 46,846 trees have been surveyed since July 5, 2011; and 56 square-miles are under regulation.</p>
<p>
	It is anticipated that removal of infested trees will begin in November. Prior to tree removal, a public meeting will be planned, promoted in the future updates, and be distributed to the media for release.</p>
<p>
	Ohioans are urged to continue to look for signs and symptoms of ALB. Readers can review issue 26 of the BYGL from September 29, 2011 for photos and detailed descriptions. The link to the issue can be found at <u><a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=961:bygl-september-29-2011&amp;catid=1:latest-news&amp;Itemid=74">http://bygl.osu.edu/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=961:bygl-september-29-2011&amp;catid=1:latest-news&amp;Itemid=74</a></u> . If you suspect you have found ALB you can let ODA know by calling 855-252-6450 or online at <u><a href="http://beetlebusters.info/">http://beetlebusters.info</a></u> .</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see: </b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.agri.ohio.gov/TopNews/asianbeetle/">ODA&rsquo;s ALB Webpage</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://beetlebusters.info">USDA APHIS ALB Website</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="7"></a>7. WEATHERWATCH. </strong></h3>
<p>
	You are not seeing double &#8211; since this is the last article of the season, we have summarized year-to-date data and data for October. The first table includes a summary of data collected at various Ohio Agricultural Research Development Center (OARDC) Weather Stations spanning the dates from January 1-October 20, 2011, with the exception of the soil temperatures which are readings from Thursday, October 20, 2011 at 6:05 a.m. The second table includes weather information summarizes data collected spanning the dates from October 1-20, 2011.</p>
<p>
	Erik Draper and Randy Zondag were the &ldquo;wet-weather rangers.&rdquo; Recent precipitation totals reported by the northeast duo ranged from 3-4&rdquo;+. Soils are saturated and low spots are evident by standing water. More rain is on its way. Pam Bennett mentioned moisture in Clark County is a perfect for pulling weeds, a therapeutic job of gardeners.</p>
<p>
	<strong>Year-to-Date Weather Summary</strong></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="2">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="bottom">
				Weather<br />
				Station</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Region of<br />
				Ohio</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Ave. High<br />
				Temp F</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Ave. Low<br />
				Temp F</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Total<br />
				Precip.&quot;</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Normal<br />
				Precip.&quot;</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Soil Temp F<br />
				2&quot;/3&quot;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Ashtabula</td>
<td align="center">
				NE</td>
<td align="center">
				60.9</td>
<td align="center">
				44.3</td>
<td align="center">
				30.75</td>
<td align="center">
				32.2</td>
<td align="center">
				49.43/51.34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Wooster</td>
<td align="center">
				NE</td>
<td align="center">
				63.3</td>
<td align="center">
				44.5</td>
<td align="center">
				35.94</td>
<td align="center">
				32.5</td>
<td align="center">
				53.24/53.90</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Hoytville</td>
<td align="center">
				NW</td>
<td align="center">
				63.8</td>
<td align="center">
				44.2</td>
<td align="center">
				37.27</td>
<td align="center">
				25.3</td>
<td align="center">
				50.64/52.18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Columbus</td>
<td align="center">
				Central</td>
<td align="center">
				67.0</td>
<td align="center">
				47.9</td>
<td align="center">
				39.38</td>
<td align="center">
				35.3</td>
<td align="center">
				55.15/56.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Piketon</td>
<td align="center">
				South</td>
<td align="center">
				67.5</td>
<td align="center">
				46.7</td>
<td align="center">
				43.55</td>
<td align="center">
				31.4</td>
<td align="center">
				48.07/50.68</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	<strong>Month-to-Date Weather Summary</strong></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="2">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="bottom">
				Weather<br />
				Station</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Region of<br />
				Ohio</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Ave. High<br />
				Temp F</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Ave. Low<br />
				Temp F</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Total<br />
				Precip.&quot;</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Normal<br />
				Precip.&quot;</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Soil Temp F<br />
				2&quot;/3&quot;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Ashtabula</td>
<td align="center">
				NE</td>
<td align="center">
				65.5</td>
<td align="center">
				50.3</td>
<td align="center">
				4.59</td>
<td align="center">
				3.2</td>
<td align="center">
				49.43/51.34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Wooster</td>
<td align="center">
				NE</td>
<td align="center">
				63.3</td>
<td align="center">
				46.2</td>
<td align="center">
				2.65</td>
<td align="center">
				1.6</td>
<td align="center">
				53.24/53.90</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Hoytville</td>
<td align="center">
				NW</td>
<td align="center">
				70.3</td>
<td align="center">
				45.9</td>
<td align="center">
				0.66</td>
<td align="center">
				1.6</td>
<td align="center">
				50.64/52.18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Columbus</td>
<td align="center">
				Central</td>
<td align="center">
				69.9</td>
<td align="center">
				48.1</td>
<td align="center">
				2.72</td>
<td align="center">
				1.6</td>
<td align="center">
				55.15/56.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Piketon</td>
<td align="center">
				South</td>
<td align="center">
				69.3</td>
<td align="center">
				44.5</td>
<td align="center">
				2.05</td>
<td align="center">
				1.4</td>
<td align="center">
				48.07/50.68</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
	For a link to the OARDC Weather Stations, visit:&nbsp; <u><a>http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/centernet/weather.htm</a></u></p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="8"></a>8. COMING ATTRACTIONS.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. BUCKING URBAN LOGS.</h3>
<p>
	This fall, the Ohio Chapter of the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) offered Bucking Urban Logs in three locations across Ohio. Just in case you missed it, a fourth program will be held on November 15, 2011 in Bowling Green, Ohio. The registration cost is $30.00</p>
<p>
	The main objective of the session is to explore wood utilization opportunities, especially with sometimes under-utilized urban trees. A working lunch will provide for additional sharing and networking opportunities. The program is geared for arborists, urban foresters, tree commission members, and others who want to learn more about the applications of traditional forestry in our communities.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://woodlandstewards.osu.edu/">Ohio Woodland Stewards Program Home Page</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	B. WHY US FOREST SERVICE RESEARCH MATTERS.</h3>
<p>
	On Tuesday, November 29, 2011, the OSU Why Trees Matter Extension Signature Program presents: &quot;Why U.S. Forest Service Research Matters&quot; program featuring the work of the USFS Northern Research Station in Delaware, Ohio. This station does a wide range of outstanding tree research and is a great resource to us here in Ohio and surrounding states. Sessions that will cover a wide variety of research include: Overview of the Forest Service; Elm Restoration; Oak Regeneration; Potential Effects of Climate Change on Tree Mortality; Potential Effects of Climate Change on Wildlife Habitats in Eastern Forests; Amish Furniture Clusters and Hardwood Utilization; Managing Ailanthus and Other Invasives; Breeding for Beech Bark Disease Resistance; and Breeding EAB-Resistant Ash. Learn what USFS researchers are learning.</p>
<p>
	The program will be at the Nationwide &amp; Ohio Farm Bureau 4-H Building on the Agriculture Campus at OSU on 2201 Fred Taylor Drive. Pre-registration is required and can be done on-line, or a brochure can be downloaded at the Ohio Woodland Stewards website at <u><a href="http://woodlandstewards.osu.edu/">http://woodlandstewards.osu.edu</a></u> and should be sent to Ohio Woodland Stewards program, 210 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus Ohio 43210. Registration cost is $35.00 per person. Make checks payable to The Ohio State University.</p>
<p>
	The deadline to register is November 22, 2011.</p>
<p>
	On the day of the event, check-in will begin at 8:45 a.m., the welcome at 9:15 a.m., and conclude at 3:30 p.m. SAF continuing education credits and ISA credits will be offered. For additional information or questions, call 614-688-3421 or email <u><a href="mailto:ohiowoods@osu.edu">ohiowoods@osu.edu</a></u> .</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see: </b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://woodlandstewards.osu.edu">Ohio Woodland Stewards</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	C. 2012 OHIO COMMERCIAL PESTICIDE APPLICATOR RECERTIFICATION CONFERENCES SET.</h3>
<p>
	Next year&#039;s conference dates have been set. While the events are 6 months out, take the opportunity to get them in your calendar today. Here are the dates: January 31, 2012, Kalahari Conference Center, Sandusky; February 8, 2012, John S. Knight Center, Akron; February 15, 2012, Dayton Convention Center; and March 8, 2012, Columbus Convention Center.</p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	D. SAVE THE DATE &#8211; OHIO STATE UNIVERISTY NURSERY SHORT COURSE (NSC) AND OHIO NURSERY AND LANDSCAPE ASSOCIATION CENTS IN COLUMBUS.</h3>
<p>
	The winter months provide an excellent opportunity for professional development and there is no better program than this one in the country because of the partnership between OSU and ONLA. The NSC is held in conjunction with the CENTS trade show at the Columbus Convention Center, January 23-25, 2012. These 3 days are filled with opportunities for networking, learning, ordering materials and supplies, and much more. Registration information will be available in November at the ONLA website: <u><a href="http://onla.org/">http://onla.org</a></u> . The cost for the 3 day program is $189.00 and has been reduced this year in lieu of today&#039;s tough economy in order to encourage companies to bring employees. The benefits gained from attending the NSC and CENTS far outweighs this cost. See you in January.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="9"></a>9. BYGLOSOPHY</strong></h3>
<p>
	&quot;A man has made at least a start on discovering the meaning of human life when he plants shade trees under which he knows full well he will never sit.&quot; &#8211; <i>D. Elton Trueblood</i></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="appendix"></a>APPENDIX &#8211; ADDITIONAL WEBSITE RESOURCES:</strong></h3>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://buckeyeturf.osu.edu">Buckeye Turf</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://ashalert.osu.edu">Emerald Ash Borer Information</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://plantfacts.osu.edu/web/">Ohio State University Department of Horticulture and Crop Science Plantfacts </a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://mastergardener.osu.edu">Ohio State University Extension Master Gardener Volunteer Program</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://ppdc.osu.edu/">The C. Wayne Ellett Plant and Pest Diagnostic Clinic (CWEPPDC)</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.beetlebusters.info/">USDA APHIS Beetle Buster Website (Asian Longhorned Beetle)</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://beetledetectives.com/">USDA APHIS Beetle Detective Website (Asian Longhorned Beetle and Emerald Ash Borer)</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	Following were the participants in the October 18th conference call: Pam Bennett (Clark); Jim Chatfield (Hort. and Crop Sciences and Plant Pathology); Erik Draper (Geauga); Gary Gao (OSU South Centers); Cindy Meyer (Butler); Amy Stone (Lucas); Curtis Young (Van Wert); and Randy Zondag (Lake).</p>
<p>
	BYGL is available via email, contact Cheryl Fischnich&nbsp; <a href="mailto:fischnich.1@cfaes.osu.edu">fischnich.1@cfaes.osu.edu</a> to subscribe. Additional fact sheet information on any of these articles may be found through the OSU FactSheet database&nbsp; <a href="http://plantfacts.osu.edu/">http://plantfacts.osu.edu/</a> .</p>
<p>
	BYGL is a service of OSU Extension and is aided by support from the ONLA (Ohio Nursery and Landscape Association) <a href="http://onla.org/">http://onla.org/</a> ; <a href="http://buckeyegardening.com/">http://buckeyegardening.com/</a>&nbsp; to the OSU Extension Nursery, Landscape and Turf Team (ENLTT). Any materials in this newsletter may be reproduced for educational purposes providing the source is credited.</p>
<p>
	BYGL is available online at:&nbsp; <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/">http://bygl.osu.edu</a>, a website sponsored by the Ohio State University Department of Horticulture and Crop Sciences (HCS) as part of the &quot;Horticulture in Virtual Perspective.&quot; The online version of BYGL has images associated with the articles and links to additional information.</p>
<p>
	Where trade names are used, no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by Ohio State University Extension is implied. Although every attempt is made to produce information that is complete, timely, and accurate, the pesticide user bears responsibility of consulting the pesticide label and adhering to those directions.</p>
<p>
	Ohio State University Extension embraces human diversity and is committed to ensuring that all research and related educational programs are available to clientele on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, disability, or veteran status. This statement is in accordance with United States Civil Rights Laws and the USDA. Keith L. Smith, Ph.D., Associate Vice President for Agricultural Administration and Director, Ohio State University Extension, TDD No. 800-589-8292 (Ohio only) or 614-292-1868.</p>
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		<title>Michigan pathologist alerts growers to downy mildew on impatiens</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/michigan-pathologist-alerts-growers-to-downy-mildew-on-impatiens/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/michigan-pathologist-alerts-growers-to-downy-mildew-on-impatiens/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 Oct 2011 00:17:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/michigan-pathologist-alerts-growers-to-downy-mildew-on-impatiens/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Clean downy mildew up now so it won’t stay this winter. Published October 12, 2011 Mary K. Hausbeck, Michigan State University Extension, Department of Plant Pathology Downy mildew on impatiens is causing problems in some U.S.landscapes this fall. Downy mildew is a pathogen of both vegetative andseed-produced Impatiens walleriana (thegarden impatiens) throughout the world and [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1>Clean downy mildew up now so it won’t stay this winter. </h1>
<div>Published October 12, 2011</div>
<div></div>
<div>Mary K. Hausbeck, Michigan State University Extension, Department of Plant Pathology</div>
<div>Downy mildew on impatiens is causing problems in some U.S.landscapes this fall. Downy mildew is a pathogen of both vegetative andseed-produced <em>Impatiens walleriana</em> (thegarden impatiens) throughout the world and has been reported in the UnitedStates, Canada, Asia, Europe and India. In the United States, downy mildew on <em>Impatiens walleriana</em> was first reportedin 1942. Since that time, downy mildew on <em>Impatienswalleriana</em> has occurred sporadically throughout the United States.&nbsp;</div>
<div></div>
<div>Learn more at:&nbsp;</div>
<div><a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_426896459">http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/article/downy_mildew_causing_problems_on_impatiens_in_the_landscape</a></div>
<div></div>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/135fd_6034261012694933526-5159245505913014125?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Asian Longhorn Beetle update</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/asian-longhorn-beetle-update-2/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/asian-longhorn-beetle-update-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Oct 2011 11:15:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Denise Ellsworth</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSU Garden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/asian-longhorn-beetle-update-2/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is an ODA update on the Asian longhorn beetle infestation in Clermont County, Ohio:&#160; 3,502&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Number of ALB infested trees confirmed 44,431&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Number of trees surveyed since 07.05.2011 56&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Square-miles under regulation, link to map on the ODA website &#8211; http://www.agri.ohio.gov/TopNews/asianbeetle/docs/ALB_quarantine_map.pdf ONLINE RESOURCES: USDA ALB information site:www.BeetleBusters.infoUSDA APHIS ALB newsroom: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_issues/alb/alb.shtmlODA ALB information:http://www.agri.ohio.gov/TopNews/asianbeetle/ODNR ALB [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is an ODA update on the Asian longhorn beetle infestation in Clermont County, Ohio:&nbsp; </p>
<p>3,502&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Number of ALB infested trees confirmed</p>
<p>44,431&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Number of trees surveyed since 07.05.2011</p>
<p>56&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Square-miles under regulation, link to map on the ODA website &#8211; <a href="http://www.agri.ohio.gov/TopNews/asianbeetle/docs/ALB_quarantine_map.pdf">http://www.agri.ohio.gov/TopNews/asianbeetle/docs/ALB_quarantine_map.pdf</a></p>
<p>ONLINE RESOURCES:</p>
<p>USDA ALB information site:<br />www.BeetleBusters.info<br />USDA APHIS ALB newsroom: <a href="http://www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_issues/alb/alb.shtml">http://www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_issues/alb/alb.shtml</a><br />ODA ALB information:<br /><a href="http://www.agri.ohio.gov/TopNews/asianbeetle/">http://www.agri.ohio.gov/TopNews/asianbeetle/</a><br />ODNR ALB information: <a href="http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/health/asianlonghorned/tabid/5197/Default.aspx">http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/health/asianlonghorned/tabid/5197/Default.aspx</a><br />Clermont County ALB page:<br /><a href="http://bugs.clermontcountyohio.gov/">http://bugs.clermontcountyohio.gov/</a>
<div><img width="1" height="1" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/29edd_6034261012694933526-5236590510497876792?l=www.osugarden.com" alt="" /></div>
<hr />
Denise Ellsworth is a horticultural educator with Ohio State University Extension. If you have questions about caring for your garden, call the Master Gardener hot line from 9 a.m. to noon Tuesdays at 330-928-GROW or write: Horticulture Educator, Summit County, 2525 State Road, Suite 250, Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223. Include your phone number. E-mail questions to <a href="mailto:mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu">mgsummit@ag.ohio-state.edu</a>.</p>
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		<title>BYGL October 6, 2011</title>
		<link>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/bygl-october-6-2011/</link>
		<comments>http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/bygl-october-6-2011/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 07 Oct 2011 02:00:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ohio State University Extension educators, specialists and other contributors in Ohio</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Buckeye Yard and Garden]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gardening]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hg.ohio.com/2011/10/bygl-october-6-2011/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is the 27th 2011 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL). BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio. ***BYGL NOTICE. As the days shorten, so will the BYGL&#8230;in frequency, not length. There will be NO BYGL next week (October 13, 2011). [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>
	This is the 27th 2011 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL). BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension Educators, Specialists, and other contributors in Ohio.</p>
<p>
	***BYGL NOTICE. As the days shorten, so will the BYGL&#8230;in frequency, not length. There will be NO BYGL next week (October 13, 2011). The BYGL will return the following week (October 20, 2011) for one final fall howl, and then it will retreat to its doghouse for a long winter nap.</p>
<p>
	However, the much anticipated, always exciting, annual BYGL survey will arrive in late October or early November. We hope you will spend a little time helping us by answering our survey questions. We look forward to the comments and appreciate everyone&#039;s suggestions for improvements. There is one point we&#039;re sure we all agree on: the 2011 BYGL season went too fast, doggone it!</p>
<p>
	In This Issue:</p>
<ol>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#1">PLANTS OF THE WEEK:</a> Annual (Mecardonia); Perennial (Toad Lily); Woody (Sweetgum); Vegetable (Potato); and Weed (Common Burdock).</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#2">HORT SHORTS:</a> What is a Weed?; and 1Home Orchard Sanitation Measures can Help Reduce Pest Problems.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#3">BUG BYTES:</a> Crane Flies Emerging; Cedar Beetles Cluster on Trees; and Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) Update.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#4">DISEASE DIGEST:</a> Squish Squash go Rotten Pumpkins (Black Rot, Phytophthora Blight, Anthracnose, and Sclerotinia White Mold).</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#5">TURF TIPS: </a>Fall Herbicide Application.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#6">INDUSTRY INSIGHTS: </a>Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB) Update; and Highlights from the Bluegrass-Buckeye BYGLive!</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#7">WEATHERWATCH.</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#8">COMING ATTRACTIONS:</a> Cincinnati Area Professional Green Infrastructure Network October Meeting; 6th Annual Why Trees Matter Forum; Bucking Urban Logs; 2012 Ohio Commercial Pesticide Applicator Recertification Conferences Set; and Save the Date &#8211; Ohio State University Nursery Short Course (NSC) and Ohio Nursery and Landscape Association CENTS in Columbus.</li>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#9">BYGLOSOPHY.</a></li>
</ol>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/#appendix">APPENDIX &#8211; ADDITIONAL WEBSITE RESOURCES.</a></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="1"></a>1. PLANTS OF THE WEEK.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	*ANNUAL &#8211; MECARDONIA (<i>Mecardonia </i>hybrids).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4099_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (plants1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/4ac99_cimage2011_10n4099_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Mecardonia is relatively new plant that is not well-known or respected; however, it is a plant that definitely deserves more use! <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4101_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (plants1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/4ac99_cimage2011_10n4101_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /> </a>This low-growing mounding plant has outstanding, vibrant yellow colors that show off all summer long and are still shining in the Gateway Learning Garden Field Trials in October. These heat tolerant plants can be used in the rock garden, as a groundcover, border or in containers and take full sun and light shade. The bright yellow, petite bell-shaped flowers cover the entire plant, drawing the eye to the garden. These plants are extremely low maintenance and deserve a spot in the garden. &#039;Gold Dust&#039;, a new introduction, is 5&quot; tall and about 1&#039; wide. &#039;Goldflake&#039; is another cultivar that grows 4&quot; tall and 6-12&quot; wide.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/plant.asp?code=D808">Missouri Botanical Garden Kemper Center for Home Gardening information on <i>Mecardonia </i>&#039;Goldflake&#039;</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.hort.cornell.edu/bglannuals/2010/MecardoniaGoldDust.htm">Cornell University Department of Horticulture information on Annual Flower Trials</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	*PERENNIAL &#8211; TOAD LILY (<i>Trycertis formosana</i>).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4097_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (plants2)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/4ac99_cimage2011_10n4097_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a></p>
<p>
	When looking for something interesting for the fall gardeners, people are surprised to see this delicate flower in full bloom in October in central Ohio. Toad lily has small, unique, lily-like flowers with 6 showy sepals. The flowers are white with deep reddish-purple spots and yellow throats and are found primarily at the end of the stems. They bloom from late summer to early fall. The plants grow about 2-3&#039; tall with lance-shaped leaves that look good all summer. These plants colonize a garden spot with their rhizomatous growth. They prefer shade and well-drained, slightly moist soil. Don&#039;t allow the soil to dry out completely.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/plant.asp?code=A780">Missouri Botanical Garden Kemper Center for Home Gardening information on <i>Trycertis formosana</i></a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	*WOODY &#8211; SWEETGUM (<i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://hcs.osu.edu/images/cd1138/404/cd1138-10.jpeg" title="Image"> <img src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/bf9f0_cd1138-10.jpeg" style="margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /></a>This deciduous tree which is cold hardy to zone 5, is native to the <a href="http://hcs.osu.edu/images/cd1138/404/cd1138-12.jpeg" title="Image"> <img src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/bf9f0_cd1138-12.jpeg" style="margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /></a>Eastern United States. Sweetgum is a medium to large tree, which reaches up to 80&#039; tall with a straight main stem and a pyramidal crown when young. This tree is well known for its combination of rich yellow, purple, and red leaf colors in the fall. The leaves of this tree are alternate, simple, and 4-6&quot; across with 5 to 7 star-shaped lobes. Its monoecious flowers are not showy and appear in early to mid-spring. They are small, bright yellow-green, and tinged with red. Its fruits are spiny &quot;gumballs&quot;; woody brown spherical cluster of capsules which hold 2 seeds and mature in the fall. Sweetgum prefers acidic and well-drained soil. It has few insect or disease problems, which is one reason it is widely planted in the landscape.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Home/trees/sweetgum/tabid/5423/Default.aspx">Ohio Department of atural Resources</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID=53">Virginia Tech</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	<b><b><strong><a href="http://140.254.84.215/search.jsp?lang=en&amp;query=sweetgum"><img alt="Search PlantFacts.osu.edu" border="0" height="26" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/bf9f0_plantfacts_mini2.gif" width="115" /></a></strong></b></b></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	*VEGETABLE &#8211; POTATO (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4103_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (plants4)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/336b1_cimage2011_10n4103_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>The common potato is a staple and comfort food in many homes around the world. This potato, unlike the SWEET POTATO (<i>Ipomoea</i> <i>batatas</i>), is a true tuber. This means that it is actually a stem. If one examines the potato closely it is apparent that the eyes are arranged spirally around the tuber and are actually buds on an underground storage stem.</p>
<p>
	Potatoes are planted in early spring. Overwintered potatoes are cut into pieces, each containing at least two eyes (buds). These seed pieces are planted about 4-6&quot; deep. As the vines emerge, more soil, compost, mulch (or a combination of them) is piled up around the vines to encourage tuber development.</p>
<p>
	Examine vines throughout the summer for insects, diseases and to re-cover any potatoes peeking through the ground. Tubers exposed to sunlight will turn green which may indicate a buildup of glykoalkaloids under the skin of the tuber. These compounds can be toxic in large quantities so most people cut off any green portions of the tuber.</p>
<p>
	New potatoes can be harvested just after vines finish flowering. The bulk of the harvest, however, should be delayed until after the vines have died. These will yield the largest and best storing tubers. The tubers can also be left in the ground and harvested through the fall. A thick mulch of straw will protect the ground from frost and freezes. However, potatoes left in the ground under mulch are also a target for insects and mice looking for a warm home with a built-in fully stocked pantry.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://extension.unh.edu/resources/files/Resource000606_Rep628.pdf">University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension Fact Sheet</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	<b><b><strong><a href="http://140.254.84.215/search.jsp?lang=en&amp;query=potato+vegetable"><img alt="Search PlantFacts.osu.edu" border="0" height="26" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/bf9f0_plantfacts_mini2.gif" width="115" /></a></strong></b></b></p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	*WEED &#8211; COMMON BURDOCK (<i>Arctium minus</i>).</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4088_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (plants5)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/2ff43_cimage2011_10n4088_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>According to the OSU OARDC &quot;Perennial &amp; Weed Guide&quot;, &quot;Common burdock originated in Europe and was likely brought to North America by early French and English colonists. By 1663, it was so widespread in the US that a botanist mistakenly referred to it as a native species. Common burdock can be found throughout the US, with the exception of a few states along the southern border, and in southern Canada. In Ohio, the weed is most common in the eastern 2/3 of the state where it inhabits uncultivated areas such as roadsides, stream banks, waste places, abandoned farmsteads, and pastures. Common burdock grows in a wide range of soils from sandy clay to moist loam. The species prefers nitrogen-rich soils.&quot;</p>
<p>
	&quot;This plant is a biennial that grows as a rosette of leaves the first year and then produces a 5-foot-tall, erect, bushy flowering stem. Rosette leaves are distinctive due to their large size, heart-shaped base, wooly undersurface, and hollow leaf stalks (petioles). Stem leaves are similar to but smaller than rosette leaves. Located at the ends of branches or at leaf axils on the flower stem are flower heads comprised of a bur with hooked bristles beneath a closely packed cluster of tubular, purplish flowers. This weed is best known for the hooked bristles on its burs that stick to fur and clothing. The only means by which common burdock reproduces are its seeds.&quot; For more information on this plant please refer to the OSU OARDC &quot;Perennial &amp; Weed Guide&quot; <u><a href="http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/weedguide/singlerecord.asp?id=900">http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/weedguide/singlerecord.asp?id=900</a></u> .</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see: </b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/weedguide/singlerecord.asp?id=900"><b>Ohio Perennial and Biennial Weed Guide &#8211; Common Burdock</b></a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	<b><b><strong><a href="http://140.254.84.215/search.jsp?lang=en&amp;query=common+burdock"><img alt="Search PlantFacts.osu.edu" border="0" height="26" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/bf9f0_plantfacts_mini2.gif" width="115" /></a></strong></b></b></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="2"></a>2. HORT SHORTS.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. WHAT IS A WEED?</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4091_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (hortshorts1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/2ff43_cimage2011_10n4091_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>That question arose when a reader sent us a nice note last week in response to our &quot;Weed of the Week&quot; article on LATE BONESET asking us to please not call that, and other plants, weeds unless they were &quot;invasive, alien species that are extremely harmful to our native ecosystems.&quot;</p>
<p>
	We believe that limiting the use of the term &quot;weed&quot; in our &quot;Weed of the Week&quot; section to just those plants that fit the reader&#039;s description would provide a definition that is far too limiting and outside the normal use of the term. The Webster&#039;s definition of a weed is: <i>(1)</i> a plant that is not valued where it is growing and is usually of vigorous growth; <i>especially</i> <b>:</b> one that tends to overgrow or choke out more desirable plants <i>(2)</i> a weedy growth of plants. The Oxford Online Dictionary defines a weed as: &quot;a wild plant growing where it is not wanted and in competition with cultivated plants. &quot;The U.S. Bureau of Land Management defines a weed as follows: &quot;In the broadest sense, it is any plant growing where it is not wanted. Weeds can be native or non-native, invasive or non invasive, and noxious or not noxious.&quot;</p>
<p>
	Our general description of a weed is simply a plant that is growing where it is not wanted. Joe Boggs offered the following example during this week&#039;s BYGL conference call: &quot;Individual TALL FESCUE plants growing within a KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS lawn are considered weeds.&quot;</p>
<p>
	We believe it is important for people to be able to identify plants and be knowledgeable of their positive and negative attributes. We often try to point out the benefits of plants, whether in our &quot;Weed of the Week&quot; or in other discussions. We also, of course, encourage the wise and proper use of plant materials and pesticides. If we only talked about weeds that fit our reader&#039;s definition, we would in all likelihood, never even discuss Bonesets or most other herbaceous plants in the landscape that are not commonly listed as an annual or perennial. That could be a loss for all concerned&#8230;not knowing the identity of a plant and its positive attributes might very well lead to an increased chance that a home owner would not be able to fairly evaluate it and unnecessarily attempt to eradicate the unfortunate specimen when it showed up in his/her landscape.</p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	B. HOME ORCHARD SANITATION MEASURES CAN HELP REDUCE PEST PROBLEMS.</h3>
<p>
	Many fruit diseases overwinter on diseased plant tissue. It is important to pick up diseased leaf, stem, and fruit. These sanitation measures can help reduce disease problems.</p>
<p>
	Apple scab, pear scab and pear leaf spot overwinter on old dead leaves on the ground. Collect and destroy all leaves in the fall, including those from nearby flowering crabapples.</p>
<p>
	Cedar apple rust spores that infect apple trees come from galls produced by the fungus on cedars (junipers). Where cedar apple rust is a problem, do not plant susceptible apple varieties near red cedars (junipers). Where cedars are part of an established landscape, remove and destroy all galls caused by the rust fungus on cedars in the late fall. Inspect the cedars again in the early spring during or just after a rain when the orange, gelatinous fungus growth from any remaining galls is highly visible, and remove them.</p>
<p>
	With stone fruits, such as peaches and cherries, the brown rot fungus overwinters on old mummified fruit left hanging on the tree or on the ground. After harvest or in the spring before the buds open, collect and destroy all mummified fruits beneath the trees and any still hanging on the trees. Do the same for any fruits that fall prematurely or show symptoms of brown rot during the season. Never allow rotting fruit to remain on or under the trees.</p>
<p>
	BYGLers also would like to remind our readers that peach leaf curl, a fungal disease on peaches, is best control with one fungicide spray after leaf drop, but before bud break. For more information on cultural management techniques and spray schedules of home fruit plantings, please refer to OSU Extension Bulletin 780, &quot;Controlling Insects and Diseases in Home Fruit Plantings.&quot;</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://ohioline.osu.edu/b780/b780.pdf">OSU Extension Bulletin 780: &quot;Controlling Insects and Diseases in Home Fruit Plantings&quot;</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="3"></a>3. BUG BYTES.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. CRANE FLIES EMERGING.</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://hcs.osu.edu/images/cd0012/720/cd0012-169.jpeg" rel="rokbox (bugbytes1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/2ff43_cd0012-169.jpeg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Curtis Young and Joe Boggs reported encountering clouds of crane flies billowing from turfgrass in western and southwestern Ohio, respectively. Crane fly adults usually appear in Ohio landscapes during two peak periods; some species emerge as adults in the spring and others in the fall. Walking on turfgrass where a mass crane fly emergence is occurring can be an interesting experience. The flies may look like a flock of miniature birds flittering up from the turf and flying a short distance to alight again.</p>
<p>
	Crane flies look like mosquitoes on steroids; fortunately they do not possess the mouth parts to bite or suck blood. Some larvae of crane flies, called leatherjackets, develop in the soil beneath turfgrass. The larvae of most species of crane flies found in Ohio feed on organic matter in the soil and thatch layer, especially in moist to wet areas in lawns. They are only considered nuisance pests.</p>
<p>
	However, larvae of the EUROPEAN CRANE FLY (<i>Tipula palodusa</i>) can cause considerable damage by feeding directly on grass blades and crowns. Thus far, this crane fly has not been found in Ohio, but it has been found in Michigan and New York with both states now having established populations. Thus, it may only be a matter of time before this crane fly finds its way into the Buckeye State.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2129.html">OSU Extension Fact Sheet</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://insects.tamu.edu/fieldguide/bimg215.html">Texas A&amp;M Entomology Fact Sheet</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	<b><b><strong><a href="http://140.254.84.215/search.jsp?lang=en&amp;query=cranefly"><img alt="Search PlantFacts.osu.edu" border="0" height="26" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/bf9f0_plantfacts_mini2.gif" width="115" /></a></strong></b></b></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	B. CEDAR BEETLES CLUSTER ON TREES.</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4113_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (bugbytes2)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/c960e_cimage2011_10n4113_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Several BYGLers reported <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4115_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (bugbytes2)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/c960e_cimage2011_10n4115_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /> </a>receiving calls about large (1&quot; in length and 3/8&quot; in width) black or brown beetles clustering on trunks of trees. These calls are coming in up and down the western half of the state (e.g. Auglaize, Butler, Hamilton, Miami, and Van Wert Counties). Dave Shetlar also reported on this occurrence in his most recent issue of the Pest Evaluation and Suppression Techniques (P.E.S.T.) Newsletter. The beetle causing all of the excitement is the CEDAR BEETLE (Sandalus niger) that is possibly more appropriately also called the CICADA PARASITE BEETLE. These beetles typically emerge in September and this year, are still around in October. What most likely draws people&#039;s attention to the beetle is that the beetle gathers in mating clusters of 3 or 4 on the trunks of trees and in some cases, 40-50 or more. The beetles also fly around just under the canopy of the tree where the mating frenzy is occurring</p>
<p>
	The beetle is relatively easy to identify, especially the male of the species. The males have very large &quot;lamellate&quot; antennae which means the antennae consist of a group of flat plates that fit together. As one client aptly described the male beetles, they look like they have Groucho Marx bushy eyebrows. The females on the other hand, have short, club-like antennae that are not nearly as showy as the males. Since the beetles are found in mating clusters where there is usually only one or a couple of females and numerous males, the females most likely give off a sex pheromone (a chemical to attract the opposite sex) that is scooped up by the large lamellate antennae of the males. The females usually have distended abdomens and are often so heavy with eggs, they can&#039;t really fly well. However, when they do spread their wings, a bright orange to yellow-orange abdomen is revealed.</p>
<p>
	After mating, the females creep around on the bark of trees and lay hundreds of eggs in crevices. This egg laying activity could make one think that the beetle is attacking the tree. However, as the one common name of this beetle implies, cicada parasite beetle, the beetle does no harm to the tree. When the eggs hatch, the larvae (grubs) drop to the ground where they dig in and search for cicada nymphs (most likely one of the annual cicada species) which should be about a half-inch long by this time of the year. If the beetle grub finds a cicada nymph, it apparently becomes an ectoparasite. It basically chews a hole through the cicada shell and sucks out body fluids. The cicada nymph continues to feed, but doesn&#039;t grow well. Eventually, the parasite will kill the nymph and transform into another adult beetle.</p>
<p>
	Why are they seemingly so abundant this year? Potentially the cicada populations from last year and the year before were robust providing an ample food supply for the cicada parasite beetle to easily find and utilize.</p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
				<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4117_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (bugbytes2)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/45ddb_cimage2011_10n4117_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin-left: 10px;margin-right: 10px" /> </a></td>
<td>
				<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4119_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (bugbytes2)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/45ddb_cimage2011_10n4119_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin-left: 10px;margin-right: 10px" /> </a></td>
<td>
<p>
					<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
						<a href="http://bugguide.net/node/view/294378">Bug Guide Web Page</a></li>
<li>
						<a href="http://www.fnanaturesearch.org/index.php?option=com_naturesearch&amp;task=view&amp;id=380&amp;cid=105">Fontenelle Nature Association Web Page</a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	C. EMERALD ASH BORER (EAB) UPDATE.</h3>
<p>
	The United States Department of Agriculture/Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA/APHIS) recently distributed an updated regional EAB map. Additions to the version include the expansion of the Federal EAB Quarantine to Claiborne County, Tennessee; Winona County, Minnesota; and La Crosse County, Wisconsin. Maps can be found on the AshAlert website at <u><a href="http://ashalert.osu.edu/">http://ashalert.osu.edu</a></u> by clicking underneath the state map on the right side of the website.</p>
<p>
	While there were some expansions on the national level, questions from residents across Ohio indicate expanding infestations and the spread of the insect is becoming more obvious. BYGL readers are reminded that if your management options include insecticide treatments, treating trees prior to heavy pest pressure can directly impact the effectiveness.</p>
<p>
	If you would like to share your EAB experiences, or pose a question that you may be wondering, contact BYGL writer Amy Stone at <u><a href="mailto:stone.91@cfaes.osu.edu">stone.91@cfaes.osu.edu</a></u> . Questions could be used to update a FAQ FactSheet.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see: </b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://ashalert.osu.edu">OSU Extension&#039;s EAB Website</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://emeraldashborer.info">EAB Regional Website</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="4"></a>4. DISEASE DIGEST.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. SQUISH SQUASH GO ROTTEN PUMPKINS.</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4093_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (disease1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/45ddb_cimage2011_10n4093_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Tim Malinich reported pumpkin growers in Northeast Ohio are lamenting the effects of the extended cold, wet weather on pumpkins. Tim indicated that he had seen pumpkin fruits beginning to rot and collapse in the field. Some of the more common fruit rots include: BLACK ROT (<i>Didymella bryoniae</i>), PHYTOPHTHORA BLIGHT (<i>Phytophthora capsici</i>), ANTHRACNOSE (<i>Colletotrichum orbiculare</i>) and SCLEROTINIA WHITE MOLD (<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>). These fungal rots arise from infections which originally occurred as the pumpkins were growing in the field. Unfortunately, the weather conditions of Northeast Ohio were perfect for additional secondary pathogens to also invade the damaged tissue, resulting in the rapid decay and collapse of infected pumpkin fruits.</p>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4095_w720.JPG" rel="rokbox (disease1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/45ddb_cimage2011_10n4095_w202.JPG" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /> </a>The real key to success is to allow the pumpkins to harden-off their rind. Ideally, the fruit doesn&#039;t sit out in the direct sun or on wet soils or in puddles, but are harvested from the fields and placed in an open, dry area to cure the rind. When picking and transporting the pumpkins, take extra precautions to avoid wounding or injuring the rind because the wound creates an entryway for infections to occur. Thankfully, with the proper environmental conditions during curing, these wounded areas can heal by producing a corky tissue to seal-off minor wounds. Ideal curing conditions consist of no direct sunlight, temperatures of 65-80F, relative humidity around 70-85% and good air circulation around the pumpkins for 10-14 days. This will cure or harden the rind and some of the slightly immature pumpkins may even ripen or color up too! Once the rinds have been cured properly, as long as the rind doesn&#039;t freeze, pumpkins can remain eerily appealing for about 2-3 months.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see: </b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://veg-fruit.cropsci.illinois.edu/Events/IPD/Handouts/Pumpkin%20Bacterial%20Spot.htm">Bacterial Spot of Pumpkin- M. Babadoost</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="5"></a>5. TURF TIPS.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. FALL HERBICIDE APPLICATION.</h3>
<p>
	Fall is not only the time for leaf removal and fertilizer, but also for broadleaf herbicide application. Herbicides applied now will cleanup broadleaf perennial weeds that germinated throughout late spring and summer.</p>
<p>
	For fall applications of herbicides, be sure the weather will be frost-free for 2 days before and after application. As long as temperatures are above 45F plants will effectively absorb the herbicide as they prepare for dormancy. Frosted plants will not absorb the herbicides overly well, and it takes a couple of days for plants to recover, even from a light frost.</p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="6"></a>6. INDUSTRY INSIGHTS.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. ASIAN LONGHORNED BEETLE (ALB) UPDATE.</h3>
<p>
	The Ohio Department of Agriculture (ODA) has opened an Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB) office in Amelia, Ohio in Clermont County. The ALB Hotline number remains the same. Residents who suspect they have an infested tree or insect specimen are urged to call 855-252-6450 or go online to <u><a href="http://beetlebusters.info/">http://beetlebusters.info</a></u> .</p>
<p>
	Numbers reported in the October 3, 2011 Media Update included the following: 3,475 infested trees confirmed; 42,630 trees surveyed since 07/05/2011; and 56 square-miles under regulation.</p>
<p>
	ODA has begun to hire staff to work on the ALB project in SW Ohio. They anticipate being at full staff by the middle to the end of October. A fourth public meeting will be held prior to tree removal. More information to come &ndash; stay tuned to BYGL and the ODA website.</p>
<p>
	<strong>For more information, see:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://beetlebusters.info/">USDA ALB Beetle Busters</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.agri.ohio.gov/TopNews/asianbeetle/">ODA ALB Website</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	B. HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE BLUEGRASS-BUCKEYE BYGLIVE!</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4109_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (industry1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/7d595_cimage2011_10n4109_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Joe Boggs provided highlights from the 14th Annual Bluegrass-Buckeye BYGLive! held this past Monday at Gainesway Horse Farm in Lexington, KY. At the top of the list was recognition for the program&#039;s co-hosts: Larry Hanks (Pampered Properties, Lexington, KY) and Ryan Martin (Director of Horticulture, Gainesway). Kudos to Larry and Ryan!</p>
<p>
	The day was divided into three educational events: a tour of the farm and a horticulture overview lead by Ryan; a viewing of thoroughbred horses lead by James Cannon, Assistant Stallion Manager; and research updates provided by University of Kentucky researchers, graduate students, and diagnosticians. It was a full day packed with lots of information!</p>
<p>
	Gainesway was established in 1962 by John R. Gaines of Gaines Pet food fame who is credited with founding the Breeders&#039; Cup race. Gaines also founded the National Thoroughbred Association, a precursor to the National Thoroughbred Racing Association. The farm was purchased in 1989 by South African winemaker Graham J. Beck who continued to build upon Gaines&#039; legacy to make Gainesway a world leader in thoroughbred breeding. Beck passed away in 2010 and leadership for the farm is now in the able hands of his son, Antony Beck.</p>
<p>
	Currently, Gainesway encompasses over 1,500 acres and is the largest contiguous horse farm in the Lexington area. Coupled with guiding a very successful horse farm, the Beck family also has an intense interest in horticulture. This was evident by the stunning landscapes and diversity of plant materials. Indeed, in 1998 Gainesway became the first thoroughbred horse farm in the world to earn Arboretum status with the American Association of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta, now the American Public Gardens Association (APGA). Ryan and his staff continue to expand the gardens with around 1,600 new trees and shrubs planted each year. Notable plantings include a Magnolia Collection, Azalea Collection, Conifer Collection, and Oak Collection which is one of the largest in the U.S. with 52 oak species represented by 430 trees.</p>
<p>
	<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4105_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (industry1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/7d595_cimage2011_10n4105_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: left" /> </a>Of course, Gainesway remains a premier Kentucky horse farm, and it has been and continues to be the home of an impressive collection of thoroughbred stallions. Notable stallions viewed by the group included Tapit, America&#039;s second leading sire in 2011. He commands a stud fee of $80,000 and became &quot;acquainted&quot; with 157 mares in 2010. BYGLive! participants learned that his fee is not paid until the resulting foul &quot;stands and nurses&quot; which happened 95% of the time in 2010.</p>
<p>
	Next in the parade of thoroughbred champions was Afleet Alex, a true horse racing legend. This horse won two of the three legs of the Triple Crown in 2005: he placed 3rd in the Kentucky Derby, 1st in the Preakness Stakes, and 1st in the Belmont Stakes. Horse racing aficionados may recall that Afleet Alex&#039;s running of the 130th Preakness was the stuff of legends; he stumbled at the top of the stretch almost losing his jockey but raced on to win by five lengths! Afleet Alex garnered over $2.7 million in his racing career.</p>
<p>
	Birdstone, another racing legend, was introduced by James Cannon as &quot;the most hated thoroughbred in Kentucky!&quot; Why such strong words? Participants at the 2005 Bluegrass-Buckeye BYGLive! held at Three Chimneys Horse Farm were treated to an up-close look at Smarty Jones, the farm&#039;s best known resident. In 2004, Smarty Jones won the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness. He was on his way to becoming a Triple Crown winner until he met Birdstone at Belmont&#8230;or Birdstone&#039;s tail! At the end of the race, it was Birdstone 1st, and Smarty Jones 2nd. Birdstone turned and &quot;smiled&quot; at the participants as if on cue as his spoiler story was being told.</p>
<p>
	The group moved from awe inspiring thoroughbred horses to the cutting edge of turf and landscape research. Participants heard many research updates from UK Extension Specialists and graduate students including:</p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4107_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (industry1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/7d595_cimage2011_10n4107_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /> </a>Jonathan Larsin (Ph.D. candidate) summarized his M.S. research with Dan Potter (UK Entomology) on the ecotoxicology of the insecticide chlorantraniliprole (e.g. Acelepryn). The insecticide represents a new class of pesticide chemistry. The chemical binds to one of the receptors (the ryanodine receptor) that regulates the movement of calcium during muscle contractions and locks the calcium channel in a partially opened state. This results in an uncontrolled release of calcium and the subsequent disruption of muscle contractions. Jonathan found that chlorantraniliprole is virtually nontoxic to beneficial insects (predators and parasitoids), turf-inhabiting non-pest arthropods, and non-arthropods such as earthworms.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
		Dan Potter provided a fascinating overview of his research results aimed at reducing earthworm castings on golf courses. Although earthworms are highly beneficial to the overall health of soils, excessive castings on top of the grass on tees and greens can play havoc with golf course play. Dan&#039;s research focused on reducing earthworm populations using a by-product of the process used to produce cooking oil from seeds of the Chinese tea oil plant (<i>Camellia oleifera</i>) . Although related, the species used for oil is not the same as the plant used to make black tea (<i>C. sinensis</i>). Tea oil is the main cooking oil used in China&#039;s southern provinces. It is also used to make soaps and shampoos because the oil is rich in saponins which are natural soaps or surfactants.</li>
</ul>
<p>
	Oil is extracted by crushing the seeds. This leaves behind the seed shells (meal) which are also high in saponin. Applying the tea seed meal to turfgrass and then watering releases the natural soaps. The soaps are lethal to earthworms by destroying their mucus covering; as Dan noted, the affected earthworms crawl to the surface, dehydrate, and become &quot;earthworm jerky.&quot; A fertilizer product called &quot;Early Bird&quot; that contains composted chicken manure and tea seed meal is now available through Ocean Organics Corporation (Ann Arbor, Michigan/Waldoboro, Maine). Although not specifically an earthworm control product, as Dan noted, it is a &quot;fertilizer with benefits.&quot;</p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/bimages/2011/10/cimage2011_10n4111_w720.jpg" rel="rokbox (industry1)" title="Image 1"> <img alt="image1" class="album" src="http://hg.ohio.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/69a1c_cimage2011_10n4111_w202.jpg" style="border: 0pt none;margin: 10px 20px;float: right" /> </a>Julie Beale (Plant Diagnostician/Research Specialist, UK Department of Plant Pathology) provided an overview of some of the top plant diseases seen in Kentucky this season based on samples sent to the UK Plant Disease Diagnostic Laboratories. She noted that diseases of spruces seemed particularly prevalent this season with Rhizosphaera Needlecast topping the list. On an interesting side-note, Julie reported that when she first started at UK in 1996, 40% of all samples sent to the Lab were from tobacco production; in 2011, 40% of the samples were from woody ornamental trees and shrubs. Her report highlighted the shift in agriculture in Kentucky.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
		Bill Fountain (UK, Horticulture) lead the group in a discussion of the impacts on trees of the almost yearly rainfall challenges experienced in Kentucky. He noted that negative effects are usually enhanced by poor horticultural practices such as poor pruning, root damage, and failures to diagnose and address tree structural defects.</li>
</ul>
<p>
	Next year&#039;s 15th Annual Bluegrass-Buckeye BYGLive! will be held on Monday, October 1, 2012, in Lexington, KY. So, mark your calendars!</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="7"></a>7. WEATHERWATCH. </strong></h3>
<p>
	The following weather information summarizes data collected at various Ohio Agricultural Research Development Center (OARDC) Weather Stations spanning the dates from January 1-September 30, 2011, with the exception of the soil temperatures which are readings from Thursday, October 6, 2011 at 6:05 a.m.</p>
<p>
	Wet, wetter, wettest summarizes this week&#039;s weather reports from BYGL callers. But, the severity of rainfall depended upon the area of the state. Most regions had days of continual rainfall but heavier and longer periods of showers seemed to occur in Northeast Ohio. Even the Cincinnati area, dry for most of summer, is experiencing substantial rain, green growing lawns, and gray dreary skies.</p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="2">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="bottom">
				Weather<br />
				Station</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Region of<br />
				Ohio</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Ave. High<br />
				Temp F</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Ave. Low<br />
				Temp F</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Total<br />
				Precip.&quot;</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Normal<br />
				Precip.&quot;</td>
<td align="center" valign="bottom">
				Soil Temp F<br />
				2&quot;/3&quot;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Ashtabula</td>
<td align="center">
				NE</td>
<td align="center">
				60.6</td>
<td align="center">
				43.9</td>
<td align="center">
				26.16</td>
<td align="center">
				29.0</td>
<td align="center">
				49.49/53.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Wooster</td>
<td align="center">
				NE</td>
<td align="center">
				63.1</td>
<td align="center">
				44.4</td>
<td align="center">
				33.29</td>
<td align="center">
				30.9</td>
<td align="center">
				56.40/57.32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Hoytville</td>
<td align="center">
				NW</td>
<td align="center">
				63.3</td>
<td align="center">
				44.1</td>
<td align="center">
				36.61</td>
<td align="center">
				25.7</td>
<td align="center">
				54.31/57.13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Columbus</td>
<td align="center">
				Central</td>
<td align="center">
				66.8</td>
<td align="center">
				47.8</td>
<td align="center">
				36.66</td>
<td align="center">
				33.6</td>
<td align="center">
				59.48/60.38</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">
				Piketon</td>
<td align="center">
				South</td>
<td align="center">
				67.3</td>
<td align="center">
				46.9</td>
<td align="center">
				41.50</td>
<td align="center">
				30.0</td>
<td align="center">
				55.27/57.28</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
	For a link to the OARDC Weather Stations, visit: <a href="http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/centernet/weather.htm"><u>http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/centernet/weather.htm</u></a></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="8"></a>8. COMING ATTRACTIONS.</strong></h3>
<h3>
	A. CINCINNATI AREA PROFESSIONAL GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK OCTOBER MEETING.</h3>
<p>
	The Cincinnati Area Professional Green Infrastructure Network (CAPGIN) is to hold its next meeting on October 12, 2011 from 2:45-5:00 p.m. at the Clark Montessori Junior and Senior High School, 3030 Erie Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45208.</p>
<p>
	Clark is a brand new LEED silver school that is a showcase of the latest in green infrastructure &#8211; very extensive rain gardens, permeable paving, and green roofs. The meeting will be hosted by Pam Simmons and Rose Seeger, Green City Resources, 5912 Kellogg Ave. Cincinnati, OH 45230.</p>
<p>
	All those professionally involved with landscape stormwater management are invited to attend and to consider joining CAPGIN. For more information, go to <u><a href="http://capgin.osu.edu/">http://capgin.osu.edu/</a></u> or contact Dave Dyke at <u><a href="mailto:dyke.15@cfaes.osu.edu">dyke.15@cfaes.osu.edu</a></u> or 513 505-1202.</p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	B. 6th ANNUAL WHY TREES MATTER FORUM.</h3>
<p>
	This program will be held in Wooster, Ohio on Wednesday, October 19, 2011 at the Hilton Garden Inn adjacent to OSU&#039;s Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC) in Wooster and in OSU&#039;s Secrest Arboretum from 9:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. The program will include:</p>
<ul>
<li>
		OSU Extension Why Trees Matter and Tree Campus USA Programs</li>
<li>
		Keynote: The Politics of Urban Forestry: Real World Perspectives &#8211; Ralph Sievert, Minneapolis, MN</li>
<li>
		Keynote: Planting Trees, Growing People &#8211; Maureen Austin, OSUE</li>
<li>
		Urban Coyotes Living in the Urban Forest &#8211; Stan Gehrt, OSUE</li>
<li>
		Invasive Species: From Asian Longhorned Beetle to Thousand Cankers Disease</li>
<li>
		Secrest Arboretum: Growing for the Future</li>
<li>
		Early registration will be $60 if registered by October 7, 2011. Registration after October 7, 2011 is $70. Registration deadline is October 14, 2011.</li>
</ul>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	C. BUCKING URBAN LOGS.</h3>
<p>
	This fall, the Ohio Chapter of the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) offered Bucking Urban Logs in three locations across Ohio. Just in case you missed it, a fourth program will be held on November 15, 2011 in Bowling Green, Ohio. The registration cost is $30.00</p>
<p>
	The main objective of the session is to explore wood utilization opportunities, especially with sometimes under-utilized urban trees. A working lunch will provide for additional sharing and networking opportunities. The program is geared for arborists, urban foresters, tree commission members, and others who want to learn more about the applications of traditional forestry in our communities.</p>
<p>
	<b>For more information, see:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://woodlandstewards.osu.edu/">Ohio Woodland Stewards</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	D. 2012 OHIO COMMERCIAL PESTICIDE APPLICATOR RECERTIFICATION CONFERENCES SET.</h3>
<p>
	Next year&#039;s conference dates have been set. While the events are 6 months out, take the opportunity to get them in your calendar today. Here are the dates: January 31, 2012, Kalahari Conference Center, Sandusky; February 8, 2012, John S. Knight Center, Akron; February 15, 2012, Dayton Convention Center; and March 8, 2012, Columbus Convention Center.</p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	E. SAVE THE DATE &#8211; OHIO STATE UNIVERISTY NURSERY SHORT COURSE (NSC) AND OHIO NURSERY AND LANDSCAPE ASSOCIATION CENTS IN COLUMBUS.</h3>
<p>
	The winter months provide an excellent opportunity for professional development and there is no better program than this one in the country because of the partnership between OSU and ONLA. The NSC is held in conjunction with the CENTS trade show at the Columbus Convention Center, January 23-25, 2012. These 3 days are filled with opportunities for networking, learning, ordering materials and supplies, and much more. Registration information will be available in November at the ONLA website: [ <u><a href="http://onla.org/">http://onla.org</a></u> ]. The cost for the 3 day program is $189.00 and has been reduced this year in lieu of today&#039;s tough economy in order to encourage companies to bring employees. The benefits gained from attending the NSC and CENTS far outweighs this cost. See you in January.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="9"></a>9. BYGLOSOPHY. </strong></h3>
<p>
	&quot;For man, autumn is a time of harvest, of gathering together. For nature, it is a time of sowing, of scattering abroad.&quot; &#8211; <i>Edwin Way Teale</i></p>
<h3>
	&nbsp;</h3>
<h3>
	<strong><a name="appendix"></a>APPENDIX &#8211; ADDITIONAL WEBSITE RESOURCES:</strong></h3>
<ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://buckeyeturf.osu.edu">Buckeye Turf</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://ashalert.osu.edu">Emerald Ash Borer Information</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://plantfacts.osu.edu/web/">Ohio State University Department of Horticulture and Crop Science Plantfacts </a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://mastergardener.osu.edu">Ohio State University Extension Master Gardener Volunteer Program</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://ppdc.osu.edu/">The C. Wayne Ellett Plant and Pest Diagnostic Clinic (CWEPPDC)</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://www.beetlebusters.info/">USDA APHIS Beetle Buster Website (Asian Longhorned Beetle)</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://beetledetectives.com/">USDA APHIS Beetle Detective Website (Asian Longhorned Beetle and Emerald Ash Borer)</a></li>
</ul>
<p>
	Following were the participants in the October 4th conference call: Pam Bennett (Clark); Joe Boggs (Hamilton); Erik Draper (Geauga); Dave Dyke (Hamilton); Gary Gao (OSU South Centers); Tim Malinich (Lorain); Cindy Meyer (Butler); Curtis Young (Van Wert); and Randy Zondag (Lake).</p>
<p>
	BYGL is available via email, contact Cheryl Fischnich&nbsp; <a href="mailto:fischnich.1@cfaes.osu.edu">fischnich.1@cfaes.osu.edu</a> to subscribe. Additional fact sheet information on any of these articles may be found through the OSU FactSheet database&nbsp; <a href="http://plantfacts.osu.edu/">http://plantfacts.osu.edu/</a> .</p>
<p>
	BYGL is a service of OSU Extension and is aided by support from the ONLA (Ohio Nursery and Landscape Association) <a href="http://onla.org/">http://onla.org/</a> ; <a href="http://buckeyegardening.com/">http://buckeyegardening.com/</a>&nbsp; to the OSU Extension Nursery, Landscape and Turf Team (ENLTT). Any materials in this newsletter may be reproduced for educational purposes providing the source is credited.</p>
<p>
	BYGL is available online at:&nbsp; <a href="http://bygl.osu.edu/">http://bygl.osu.edu</a>, a website sponsored by the Ohio State University Department of Horticulture and Crop Sciences (HCS) as part of the &quot;Horticulture in Virtual Perspective.&quot; The online version of BYGL has images associated with the articles and links to additional information.</p>
<p>
	Where trade names are used, no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by Ohio State University Extension is implied. Although every attempt is made to produce information that is complete, timely, and accurate, the pesticide user bears responsibility of consulting the pesticide label and adhering to those directions.</p>
<p>
	Ohio State University Extension embraces human diversity and is committed to ensuring that all research and related educational programs are available to clientele on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, disability, or veteran status. This statement is in accordance with United States Civil Rights Laws and the USDA. Keith L. Smith, Ph.D., Associate Vice President for Agricultural Administration and Director, Ohio State University Extension, TDD No. 800-589-8292 (Ohio only) or 614-292-1868.</p>
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